Table 4

Physical fitness (per unit change; 0–9) and coronary heart disease (CHD) subgroups stratified by stress resilience

Sample sizeAll CHD
HR (95% CI)
Fatal CHD
HR (95% CI)
MI
HR (95% CI)
Angina pectoris
HR (95% CI)
Highest resilience group56 308
 Physical fitness0.92 (0.90 to 0.95)‡0.92 (0.85 to 1.00)‡0.91 (0.88 to 0.94)‡0.91 (0.88 to 0.94)‡
0.91 (0.88 to 0.93)§0.91 (0.83 to 0.98)§0.89 (0.86 to 0.93)§0.89 (0.86 to 0.92)§
Moderate resilience group129 806
 Physical fitness0.95 (0.94 to 0.97)‡,¶0.95 (0.91 to 1.00)‡,‡‡0.94 (0.92 to 0.96)‡,‡‡0.94 (0.93 to 0.96)‡,¶
0.93 (0.91 to 0.94)§,‡‡0.92 (0.88 to 0.97)§,‡‡0.91 (0.89to 0.93)§,‡‡0.92 (0.90 to 0.94)§,‡‡
Lowest resilience group51 866
 Physical fitness0.99 (0.96 to 1.01)‡,¶1.02 (0.97 to 1.08)‡,¶0.97 (0.95 to 1.00)‡,¶1.00 (0.97 to 1.03)‡,¶
0.95 (0.93 to 0.97)§,¶1.00 (0.94 to 1.06)§,‡‡0.94 (0.91 to 0.97)§,¶0.97 (0.94 to 1.00)§,¶
  • Likelihood ratio test for overall interaction term; all CHD p<0.001‡, p<0.002§, fatal CHD p=0.05‡, p=0.11§, myocardial infarction p=0.001‡, p=0.07§, angina pectoris p<0.0001‡, p<0.002§.

  • ‡Adjusted for childhood factors; birth year, region, parental SEI and household crowding.

  • §Further adjusted for body mass index.

  • ¶Interaction term p<0.05 (Wald test).

  • ‡‡Interaction term p>0.05 (Wald test).

  • MI, myocardial infarction; SEI, socioeconomic index.