Independent predictors for death from any cause at 1 year
| HR (95% CIs)* | χ2 | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total population | |||
| NT-proBNP (by 1000 ng/L) | 1.04 (1.02 to 1.05) | 47.6 | <0.001 |
| Serum sodium (by 10 mmol/L) | 0.60 (0.47 to 0.76) | 19.4 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (by 10 mm Hg) | 0.86 (0.78 to 0.93) | 15.6 | <0.001 |
| Obesity (body mass index ≥23 kg/m2) | 1.50 (1.11 to 2.03) | 7.4 | 0.009 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 1.55 (1.11 to 2.17) | 6.1 | 0.011 |
| HFpEF population | |||
| NT-proBNP (by 1000 ng/L) | 1.05 (1.03 to 1.07) | 25.1 | <0.001 |
| Obesity (body mass index ≥23 kg/m2) | 1.91 (1.08 to 3.39) | 4.7 | 0.026 |
| HFrEF population | |||
| NT-proBNP (by 1000 ng/L) | 1.03 (1.01 to 1.05) | 24.5 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (by 10 mm Hg) | 0.80 (0.71 to 0.90) | 18.3 | <0.001 |
| Serum sodium (by 10 mmol/L) | 0.56 (0.40 to 0.80) | 10.2 | 0.001 |
| Previous myocardial infarction | 2.07 (1.37 to 3.11) | 10.3 | 0.001 |
| Obesity (body mass index ≥23 kg/m2) | 1.73 (1.15 to 2.62) | 7.1 | 0.009 |
*Multivariable model was constructed with the Cox proportional hazard model using forward selection method (Wald statistic). Input variables were age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, chronic renal failure, chronic lung disease, valvular heart disease, peripheral artery disease, history of myocardial infarction, stroke, current smoking status, New York Heart Association functional class, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, atrial fibrillation, haemoglobin, serum sodium, LVEF and plasma level of NT-proBNP.
HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved EF (≥50%); HFrEF, heart failure with reduced EF (≤40%); NT-proBNP, N-terminal–pro-brain natriuretic peptide.