Overall population (N=583) | Mild asymptomatic AS (N=91) | Moderate asymptomatic AS (N=185) | Severe asymptomatic AS (N=87) | Severe symptomatic AS (N=220) | p Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 75±10 | 74±9 | 73±10 | 75±11 | 76±10 | 0.004 |
Men | 369 (63) | 69 (76) | 137 (74) | 52 (60) | 111 (51) | <0.0001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28±11 | 30±5 | 28±5 | 27±5 | 28±6 | 0.0021 |
History of coronary artery disease | 164 (28) | 30 (33) | 59 (32) | 19 (22) | 56 (26) | 0.18 |
Hypertension | 396 (68) | 65 (71) | 130 (71) | 58 (67) | 143 (65) | 0.61 |
Diabetes mellitus | 149 (26) | 23 (25) | 49 (27) | 17 (20) | 60 (27) | 0.55 |
Hypercholesterolaemia | 308 (53) | 54 (59) | 103 (56) | 50 (57) | 101 (46) | 0.06 |
Sinus rhythm | 520 (89) | 141 (98) | 127 (98) | 132 (89) | 120 (81) | <0.0001 |
Pacemaker | 30 (5) | 3 (3) | 4 (2) | 8 (9) | 15 (7) | 0.04 |
AS severity | ||||||
Aortic valve area, cm2 | 1.12±0.42 | 1.84±0.27 | 1.27±0.16 | 0.84±0.18 | 0.79±0.19 | <0.0001 |
Mean gradient, mm Hg | 37±21 | 15±5 | 25±10 | 50±20 | 52±18 | <0.0001 |
Peak velocity, m/s | 3.72±1.00 | 2.51±0.39 | 3.16±0.54 | 4.34±0.90 | 4.55±0.76 | <0.0001 |
Left ventricular size and function | ||||||
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) | 62±7 | 64±3 | 64±4 | 62±7 | 60±10 | <0.0001 |
Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (mm/m2) | 27±4 | 26±3 | 27±3 | 27±4 | 27±5 | 0.39 |
Left ventricular end-systolic diameter (mm/m2) | 17±4 | 16±3 | 16±3 | 16±3 | 18±5 | 0.0004 |
Left ventricular mass (g) | 124±36 | 115±32 | 117±28 | 130±35 | 141±45 | <0.0001 |
Peak E wave velocity (cm/s) | 79±26 | 75±19 | 73±22 | 79±21 | 86±31 | <0.0001 |
E wave deceleration time (ms) | 238±80 | 225±62 | 225±65 | 247±81 | 257±99 | 0.001 |
E/A wave ratio | 0.95±0.48 | 0.93±0.31 | 0.89±0.35 | 0.90±0.41 | 1.03±0.65 | 0.06 |
E/E′ ratio | 15±7 | 13±5 | 14±6 | 16±5 | 19±11 | <0.0001 |
Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 75±23 | 76±21 | 77±22 | 76±20 | 72±25 | 0.22 |
Galectin-3 | 13.2 [10.7–16.5] | 13.9 [11.1–16.2] | 12.8 [10.5–16.4] | 12.3 [10.1–16.1] | 13.7 [11.1–17.1] | 0.13 |
Data are expressed as mean±SD, median [interquartile] or number (percentage).
AS, aortic stenosis.