Predictors of the composite of aortic valve replacement (AVR) or death and AVR alone
| Baseline variables | AVR or death n=932 AVR or death (88%) | AVR n=584 AVR (55%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
| HR 95% CI | p Value | HR 95% CI | p Value | HR 95% CI | p Value | HR 95% CI | p Value | |
| Age, years (per 10 years increase) | 1.13 1.07 to 1.18 | <0.001 | 1.11 1.05 to 1.18 | <0.001 | 0.91 0.86 to 0.96 | <0.001 | 0.99 0.94 to 1.05 | 0.81 |
| Male gender | 1.32 1.15 to 1.50 | <0.001 | 1.29 1.07 to 1.54 | 0.006 | 1.57 1.33 to 1.87 | <0.001 | 1.08 0.86 to 1.35 | 0.51 |
| Body surface area, m2 | 1.51 1.12 to 2.04 | 0.006 | 1.16 0.78 to 1.72 | 0.47 | 2.80 1.93 to 4.06 | <0.001 | 2.30 1.43 to 3.69 | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1.24 1.08 to 1.44 | 0.003 | 1.21 1.04 to 1.42 | 0.02 | 0.97 0.81 to 1.16 | 0.73 | – | – |
| Diabetes | 1.25 1.09 to 1.45 | 0.002 | 1.20 1.03 to 1.40 | 0.02 | 1.12 0.93 to 1.35 | 0.22 | – | – |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.47 1.29 to 1.68 | <0.001 | 1.21 1.05 to 1.40 | 0.01 | 1.33 1.13 to 1.57 | 0.001 | 1.43 1.20 to 1.70 | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1.30 1.11 to 1.52 | 0.001 | 1.09 0.93 to 1.29 | 0.29 | 0.83 0.67 to 1.04 | 0.10 | 0.87 0.67 to 1.06 | 0.15 |
| Renal failure | 1.67 1.41 to 1.97 | <0.001 | 1.45 1.21 to 1.73 | <0.001 | 1.02 0.80 to 1.29 | 0.90 | – | – |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m2 (per 5 mL/m2 decrease) | 1.04 1.00 to 1.08 | 0.03 | 1.03 0.98 to 1.07 | 0.26 | 0.96 0.92 to 1.01 | 0.08 | 1.01 0.96 to 1.06 | 0.60 |
| Peak aortic jet velocity, m/s (per 1 m/s increase) | 1.96 1.82 to 2.11 | <0.001 | – | – | 2.50 2.29 to 2.73 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Mean gradient, mm Hg (per 10 mm Hg increase) | 1.40 1.35 to 1.45 | <0.001 | 1.48 1.42 to 1.54 | <0.001 | 1.53 1.47 to 1.59 | <0.001 | 1.54 1.47 to 1.61 | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve area, cm2 (per 0.1 cm2 decrease) | 1.19 1.16 to 1.21 | <0.001 | – | – | 1.24 1.20 to 1.27 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Aortic valve area index, cm2/m2 (per 0.1 cm2/m2 decrease) | 1.42 1.36 to 1.49 | <0.001 | – | – | 1.62 1.53 to 1.72 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Energy loss index, cm2/m2 (per 0.1 cm2/m2 decrease) | 1.31 1.26 to 1.35 | <0.001 | – | – | 1.46 1.39 to 1.53 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Dimensionless velocity index (per 0.1 decrease) | 1.89 1.74 to 2.05 | <0.001 | – | – | 2.54 2.27 to 2.83 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Mitral regurgitation | 1.15 1.06 to 1.25 | 0.001 | 1.06 0.96 to 1.16 | 0.16 | 0.96 0.86 to 1.06 | 0.39 | – | – |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (per 5% decrease) | 1.05 1.02 to 1.07 | <0.001 | 1.04 1.01 to 1.07 | 0.02 | 0.99 0.95 to 1.02 | 0.38 | – | – |
| Valvuloarterial impedance, mm Hg/mL m2 | 1.25 1.18 to 1.33 | <0.001 | – | – | 1.19 1.11 to 1.29 | <0.001 | – | – |
Text in bold is to highlight the variables that are significantly associated with events in multivariable analysis.
AVR, aortic valve replacement; CI, confidence interval; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HR, hazard ratio; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; Zva, valvulo-arterial impedance.