| Healthy Controls (n = 25) | Matched Controls (n = 18) | AF Patients (n = 53) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 51 (43–58) | 66 (63–68) # | 65 (57–70) # | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 56 | 78 | 80 | 0.162 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.7 (22–28) | 27.4 (26–30) | 27.2 (24–31) # | 0.027 |
| Resting pulse (bpm) | 60 (54–66) | 66 (60–71) | 64 (54–80) | 0.177 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 117 (110–125) | 143 (125–157) # | 130 (124–145) # | <0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 70.9 +/-± 10 | 81.9 ± 12 # | 81.3 ± 11 # | 0.001 |
P value quoted from one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis test or Chi-square as appropriate. # denotes p < 0.05 versus healthy controls. No statistically significant differences were detected between matched controls and AF patients on post-hoc testing.