Characteristics of the study population according to the aortic valve anatomy
| Variables | Total (n=200) | TAV (n=161) | BAV (n=39) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical data | ||||
| Age, years | 67±13 | 71±9 | 49±11 | <0.0001 |
| Men, % | 73 | 76 | 56 | 0.01 |
| Height, cm | 167±8 | 166±8 | 168±9 | 0.28 |
| Weight, kg | 79±16 | 80±16 | 76±16 | 0.12 |
| Body surface area, m² | 1.88±0.21 | 1.88±0.20 | 1.85±0.23 | 0.38 |
| Body mass index, kg/m² | 29±5 | 29±5 | 27±4 | 0.01 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 136±18 | 138±18 | 127±15 | 0.0004 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 75±9 | 74±9 | 80±8 | 0.002 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 62±9 | 62±9 | 65±8 | 0.03 |
| Hypertension, % | 80 | 88 | 44 | <0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia, % | 71 | 80 | 33 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes, % | 23 | 27 | 5 | 0.003 |
| Coronary artery disease, % | 38 | 47 | 3 | <0.0001 |
| History of smoking, % | 67.5 | 70.8 | 53.8 | 0.04 |
| Doppler echocardiography data | ||||
| Bicuspid aortic valve, % | 20 | – | – | |
| Left ventricular outflow tract diameter, mm | 22.0±2.1 | 21.7±1.75 | 23.3±2.8 | 0.002 |
| Systemic arterial compliance, mL/mm Hg/m² | 0.73±0.23 | 0.67±0.17 | 0.98±0.29 | <0.0001 |
| Valvuloarterial impedance, mm Hg/mL/m² | 3.86±0.72 | 3.94±0.71 | 3.53±0.70 | 0.002 |
| Stroke volume, mL | 78.3±14.5 | 77.4±13.1 | 81.7±18.9 | 0.10 |
| Stroke volume index, mL/m² | 41.8±6.9 | 41.2±6.2 | 44.2±9.0 | 0.02 |
| Peak aortic jet velocity, cm/s | 300±55 | 295±52 | 319±59 | 0.01 |
| Mean transvalvular gradient, mm Hg | 21.1±8.7 | 20.2±7.9 | 24.9±10.6 | 0.002 |
| Aortic valve area, cm² | 1.12±0.28 | 1.13±0.27 | 1.11±0.30 | 0.79 |
| Indexed aortic valve area, cm²/m² | 0.60±0.13 | 0.60±0.13 | 0.60±0.14 | 0.94 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % | 65±5 | 65±5 | 65±4 | 0.94 |
| MDCT data | ||||
| Aortic valve calcification, AU | 949 (452–1593) | 975 (580–1591) | 672 (22–1604) | 0.08 |
| Aortic valve calcification density, AU/cm² | 256 (132–416) | 269 (158–435) | 170 (5–345) | 0.01 |
Significant p values are highlighted in bold.
AU, arbitrary units; BAV, bicuspid aortic valve; MDCT, multidetector CT; TAV, tricuspid aortic valve.