Baseline demographic, clinical, procedural and timing factors
| Variable | No. of patients | Call-to-balloon time (mean min) | No. of deaths at 30 days (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| All patients | 16 907 | 121.4 | 898 (5.3) |
| Age group, years | |||
| <55 | 4614 (27.3%) | 117.8 | 103 (2.2) |
| 55–≤60 | 2159 (12.8%) | 117.5 | 72 (3.3) |
| 60–≤65 | 2353 (13.9%) | 118.6 | 92 (3.9) |
| 65–≤70 | 2104 (12.4%) | 120.0 | 96 (4.6) |
| 70–≤75 | 1889 (11.2%) | 124.4 | 106 (5.6) |
| 75–≤80 | 1663 (9.8%) | 127.5 | 129 (7.8) |
| 80–≤85 | 1216 (7.2%) | 130.2 | 132 (10.9) |
| >85 | 906 (5.4%) | 130.7 | 167 (18.4) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 12 509 (74.1%) | 119.6 | 583 (4.7) |
| Female | 4379 (25.9%) | 126.7 | 314 (7.2) |
| Diabetes | |||
| No | 14 245 (86.8%) | 120.3 | 652 (4.6) |
| Yes | 2166 (13.2%) | 127.4 | 179 (8.3) |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 9630 (59.4%) | 119.5 | 416 (4.3) |
| Yes | 6581 (40.6%) | 123.2 | 399 (6.1) |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | |||
| No | 9868 (60.9%) | 120.8 | 495 (5.0) |
| Yes | 6343 (39.1%) | 121.3 | 320 (5.0) |
| Smoking status | |||
| Never | 5162 (33.7%) | 122.2 | 281 (5.4) |
| Ex | 3887 (25.4%) | 122.1 | 195 (5.0) |
| Current | 6278 (41.0%) | 117.8 | 194 (3.1) |
| Peripheral vascular disease | |||
| No | 15 681 (96.7%) | 120.7 | 733 (4.7) |
| Yes | 530 (3.3%) | 128.6 | 82 (15.5) |
| Cerebrovascular accident | |||
| No | 15 577 (96.1%) | 120.6 | 740 (4.8) |
| Yes | 634 (3.9%) | 130.3 | 75 (11.8) |
| Renal disease | |||
| No | 15 235 (98.7%) | 120.9 | 708 (4.6) |
| Yes | 205 (1.3%) | 132.9 | 44 (21.5) |
| Previous myocardial infarction | |||
| No | 13 904 (88.1%) | 120.2 | 669 (4.8) |
| Yes | 1876 (11.9%) | 125.6 | 144 (7.7) |
| Previous CABG | |||
| No | 16 174 (97.9%) | 121.0 | 839 (5.2) |
| Yes | 342 (2.1%) | 134.7 | 24 (7.0) |
| Previous PCI | |||
| No | 15 250 (92.0%) | 121.1 | 783 (5.1) |
| Yes | 1323 (8.0%) | 121.6 | 72 (5.4) |
| Cardiogenic shock pre-PCI | |||
| No | 15 750 (93.4%) | 120.5 | 502 (3.2) |
| Yes | 1109 (6.6%) | 134.8 | 392 (35.3) |
| Ventilated pre-PCI | |||
| No | 14 354 (96.4%) | 119.2 | 595 (4.1) |
| Yes | 541 (3.6%) | 156.4 | 227 (42.0) |
| Q wave on ECG | |||
| No | 11 774 (81.8%) | 118.6 | 534 (4.5) |
| Yes | 2615 (18.2%) | 129.0 | 241 (9.2) |
| TIMI flow pre-PCI | |||
| TIMI 0 | 10 403 (73.7%) | 119.0 | 608 (5.8) |
| TIMI 1 | 977 (6.9%) | 121.2 | 49 (5.0) |
| TIMI 2 | 1280 (9.1%) | 124.6 | 58 (4.5) |
| TIMI 3 | 1447 (10.3%) | 129.7 | 52 (3.6) |
| TIMI flow post-PCI | |||
| TIMI 0 | 842 (5.8%) | 120.7 | 109 (12.9) |
| TIMI 1 | 185 (1.3%) | 130.5 | 40 (21.6) |
| TIMI 2 | 692 (4.7%) | 127.6 | 87 (12.6) |
| TIMI 3 | 12 850 (88.2%) | 120.8 | 552 (4.3) |
| Multi-vessel disease (>75% stenosis) | |||
| 1 vessel | 11 109 (70.5%) | 119.3 | 410 (3.7) |
| ≥2 vessels | 4655 (29.5%) | 124.2 | 433 (9.3) |
| No. of vessels attempted | |||
| Single | 15 278 (90.9%) | 120.8 | 684 (4.5) |
| Multi | 1535 (9.1%) | 126.6 | 206 (13.4) |
| Arterial access | |||
| Radial | 9065 (54.4%) | 119.5 | 282 (3.1) |
| Femoral | 7173 (43.1%) | 123.7 | 554 (7.7) |
| Joint/other | 416 (2.5%) | 127.9 | 47 (11.3) |
| Call time | |||
| Weekday | 12 167 (72.0%) | 119.2 | 670 (5.5) |
| Weekend | 4740 (28.0%) | 127.1 | 228 (4.8) |
| Call time (hours) | |||
| 08:00–18:00 | 9753 (57.7%) | 118.2 | 529 (5.4) |
| 18:00–00:00 | 3213 (19.0%) | 124.5 | 168 (5.2) |
| 00:00–08:00 | 3941 (23.3%) | 126.8 | 201 (5.1) |
| Out of hours | |||
| No | 7062 (41.8%) | 114.8 | 389 (5.5) |
| Yes | 9845 (58.2%) | 126.1 | 509 (5.2) |
| Admission route | |||
| Direct | 12 932 (77.2%) | 112.4 | 655 (5.1) |
| Transfer | 3102 (18.5%) | 162.8 | 178 (5.7) |
| Non-PPCI IP | 372 (2.2%) | 123.1 | 27 (7.3) |
| PPCI IP | 355 (2.1%) | 88.3 | 30 (8.5) |
| Centre volume | |||
| <100 | 1237 (7.3%) | 108.1 | 92 (7.4) |
| 100–199 | 1204 (7.1%) | 117.7 | 75 (6.2) |
| ≥200 | 14 466 (85.6%) | 122.9 | 731 (5.1) |
| Symptom to call (min) | |||
| ≤10 | 2321 (14.2%) | 121.4 | 207 (8.9) |
| >10–30 | 3206 (19.7%) | 118.7 | 143 (4.5) |
| >30–60 | 2939 (18.0%) | 118.8 | 131 (4.5) |
| >60–120 | 2821 (17.3%) | 118.0 | 113 (4.0) |
| 120–180 | 1422 (8.7%) | 119.8 | 68 (4.8) |
| >180–360 | 1727 (10.6%) | 123.7 | 81 (4.7) |
| >360 | 1848 (11.3%) | 126.9 | 108 (5.8) |
| Call-to-balloon time (min) | |||
| ≤90 | 4351 (25.7%) | 150 (3.4) | |
| >90–105 | 3061 (18.1%) | 127 (4.1) | |
| >105–120 | 2784 (16.5%) | 120 (4.3) | |
| >120–135 | 2052 (12.1%) | 116 (5.7) | |
| >135–150 | 1423 (8.4%) | 82 (5.8) | |
| >150–180 | 1412 (8.4%) | 101 (7.2) | |
| >180–240 | 1232 (7.3%) | 135 (11.0) | |
| >240–360 | 592 (3.5%) | 67 (11.3) | |
Diabetes: pre-hospital diagnosis.
Hypertension: treated or untreated.
Hypercholesterolaemia: total cholesterol >5.2 mmol/L or on lipid-lowering treatment.
Renal disease: creatinine >200 µmol/L, functioning transplant or renal failure on dialysis.
Out of hours: Monday to Friday 18:00–08:00 hours and weekends.
Admission route: Direct: STEMI in the community taken directly to PPCI hospital; Transfer: STEMI in the community taken to or self-presenting to non-PPCI hospital; Non-PPCI IP: STEMI while an inpatient in a non-PPCI hospital; PPCI IP: STEMI while an inpatient in a PPCI hospital; Centre volume: number of PPCI cases by centre. CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PPCI, primary PCI; STEMI, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.