Baseline characteristics according to sex and prodromal symptoms N (%)
| Men (n=777) | Women (n=368) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | With prodromal symptoms N=563 | Without prodromal symptoms N=214 | p Value | With prodromal symptoms N=313 | Without prodromal symptoms N=55 | p Value |
| Age mean (SD), median | 48 (5.7) 49 | 48 (6.5) 49 | 0.20 | 49 (5.7) 49 | 48 (5.7) 49 | 0.41 |
| Postsecondary education* | 370 (66.6) | 129 (61.1) | 0.18 | 171 (55.5) | 29 (52.7) | 0.77 |
| Household income ≥$50 000* | 347 (71.6) | 116 (69.1) | 0.56 | 134 (50.4) | 26 (59.1) | 0.33 |
| White versus other | 491 (87.2) | 183 (85.5) | 0.55 | 279 (89.1) | 47 (85.5) | 0.49 |
| BMI ≥30 | 227 (40.3) | 78 (36.5) | 0.37 | 141 (45.1) | 17 (30.9) | 0.06 |
| Current smoking | 229 (40.7) | 73 (34.1) | 0.10 | 139 (44.4) | 20 (36.4) | 0.30 |
| Hypertension | 274 (48.7) | 82 (38.3) | 0.01 | 178 (56.9) | 22 (40.0) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes | 81 (14.4) | 30 (14.0) | 1.00 | 72 (23.0) | 13 (23.6) | 1.00 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 320 (56.9) | 118 (55.1) | 0.67 | 177 (56.6) | 20 (36.4) | 0.006 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 124 (22.0) | 31 (14.5) | 0.02 | 93 (29.7) | 9 (16.4) | 0.05 |
| Previous AMI | 78 (13.9) | 32 (15.0) | 0.73 | 60 (19.2) | 4 (7.3) | 0.03 |
| Previous PCI | 70 (12.4) | 24 (11.2) | 0.71 | 63 (20.1) | 4 (7.3) | 0.02 |
| Previous CABG | 18 (3.2) | 5 (2.3) | 0.64 | 10 (3.2) | 1 (1.8) | 1.00 |
| Depression (score ≥8 on HADS depression scale) | 136 (24.2) | 27 (12.6) | <0.001 | 96 (30.7) | 9 (16.4) | 0.03 |
| Anxiety (score ≥8 on HADS anxiety scale) | 242 (43.0) | 42 (19.6) | <0.0001 | 182 (58.2) | 16 (29.1) | <0.0001 |
| STEMI | 334 (59.3) | 152 (71.0) | 0.003 | 151 (48.2) | 27 (49.1) | 1.00 |
| NSTEMI | 186 (33.0) | 53 (24.8) | 0.03 | 122 (39.0) | 22 (40.0) | 0.88 |
| Unstable angina | 33 (5.9) | 9 (4.2) | 0.48 | 37 (11.8) | 5 (9.1) | 0.65 |
| Troponin highest tertile* | 175 (31.5) | 84 (41.0) | 0.02 | 72 (24.7) | 11 (23.4) | 0.98 |
| GRACE Score mean, (SD) | 70.8 (16.3) | 71.8 (17.0) | 0.47 | 71.8 (17.9) | 73 (16.7) | 0.63 |
| Single vessel disease† | 257 (52.0) | 101 (53.2) | 0.80 | 127 (46.2) | 29 (58.0) | 0.13 |
| Double vessel disease† | 130 (26.3) | 51 (26.8) | 0.92 | 57 (20.7) | 7 (14.0) | 0.34 |
| Triple vessel disease† | 58 (11.7) | 24 (12.6) | 0.79 | 38 (13.8) | 4 (8.0) | 0.36 |
*Missing data: Postsecondary education (1.2% men; 1.4% women), household income 16%, troponin values (2.2% men; 8.1% women).
†Missing angiographic data in 12%. There were 684 men and 325 women with available angiographic data.
AMI, acute myocardial infarction; BMI, Body Mass Index; CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; CAD, cardiovascular disease; GRACE, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events Score; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; NSTEMI, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST segment elevation myocardial infarction.