Discharged alive (n=300) | Deaths (n=124) | p Value | |
Age (years) | 6114 | 6513 | 0.003 |
>70 | 93 (31%) | 55 (44.4%) | 0.010 |
Male gender | 208 (69%) | 81 (65%) | 0.432 |
Nosocomial acquisition | 69 (23%) | 36 (29%) | 0.04 |
Antibiotic prophylaxis | 29 (9.7%) | 10 (8.1%) | 0.351 |
Comorbidity | |||
Diabetes | 57 (19%) | 27 (21.8%) | 0.665 |
Chronic anaemia | 40 (13.3%) | 30 (24.2%) | 0.009 |
Chronic renal failure | 26 (8.7%) | 16 (12.9%) | 0.121 |
Malignant neoplasia | 21 (7%) | 13 (10.5%) | 0.402 |
COPD | 13 (4.3%) | 16 (12.9%) | 0.005 |
Echocardiographic features | |||
Prosthetic left sided | 107 (35.7%) | 58 (46.8%) | <0.001 |
Multivalvular | 75 (25%) | 28 (22.6%) | 0.624 |
Vegetation detection | 232 (77.3%) | 108 (87.1%) | 0.043 |
Vegetation size (mm) | 14.1 (6.7) | 14.9 (9.6) | 0.462 |
Periannular complications | 84 (28%) | 47 (37.9%) | 0.061 |
Pulmonary hypertension (moderate–severe) | 86 (28.7%) | 42 (33.9%) | 0.282 |
LVEF (%) | 60.3 (13.5) | 60.7 (12.5) | 0.760 |
LVEF<35% | 9 (4.2%) | 4 (5.4%) | 0.891 |
Causative microorganism | |||
Streptococcus bovis | 15 (5%) | 3 (2.4%) | 0.291 |
Viridans group streptococci | 42 (14%) | 13 (10.5%) | 0.420 |
Enterococci | 29 (9.7%) | 13 (10.5%) | 0.852 |
Staphylococcus aureus | 47 (15.7%) | 27 (21.8%) | 0.161 |
Coagulase-negative staphylococci | 47 (15.7%) | 17 (13.7%) | 0.660 |
Gram-negative bacilli | 6 (2%) | 5 (4%) | 0.310 |
Fungi | 2 (0.7%) | 5 (4%) | 0.020 |
Anaerobes | 11 (5%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.191 |
Polimicrobial | 27 (9%) | 12 (9.7%) | 0.855 |
Negative cultures | 40 (13.3%) | 17 (13.7%) | 0.999 |
Positive blood cultures (48–72 hours after antibiotic initiation) | 36 (12%) | 27 (21.7%) | 0.007 |
Clinical events prior to surgery | |||
Systemic embolisms | 85 (28.3%) | 34 (27.4%) | 0.910 |
CNS embolisms | 55 (18.3%) | 26 (21%) | 0.593 |
Heart failure | 180 (60%) | 90 (72.6%) | 0.020 |
Cardiogenic shock | 42 (14%) | 34 (29.8%) | <0.001 |
Acute renal failure | 86 (28.7%) | 56 (46.8%) | <0.001 |
Septic shock | 18 (6%) | 27 (21.8%) | <0.001 |
Thrombocytopaenia (<1 50 000/mm3) | 77 (26.6%) | 47 (39.5%) | 0.014 |
Urgent surgery | 142 (47.3%) | 75 (60.5%) | 0.013 |
Values are n (%) or mean (SD). Bold values are significant.
CNS, central nervous system; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF, left ventricle ejection fraction.