Aortic stenosis severity and transvalvular flow
| AVA <0.8 cm2 (n=155) | AVA 0.8–0.99 cm2 (n=105) | AVA 1.0–1.3 cm2 (n=81) | p Value | |
| AVA (cm2) | 0.68 (0.59–0.73)*† | 0.91 (0.85–0.95)† | 1.14 (1.08–1.25) | <0.001 |
| AVA index (cm2/m2) | 0.36±0.07*† | 0.49±0.07† | 0.64±0.10 | <0.001 |
| Energy loss index (cm2/m2) | 0.39±0.08*† | 0.55±0.09† | 0.74±0.14 | <0.001 |
| Mean gradient (mm Hg) | 47 (40–61)*† | 33 (26–40)† | 18 (14–23) | <0.001 |
| Mean gradient >40 mm Hg, n (%) | 117 (76)*† | 30 (29)† | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Peak velocity (m/s) | 4.5±0.7*† | 3.7±0.6† | 2.9±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Peak velocity >4.0 m/s, n (%) | 115 (74)*† | 39 (37)† | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| Velocity index | 0.22±0.05*† | 0.27±0.05† | 0.36±0.07 | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve resistance (dyn×s×cm−5) | 280.3 (233.8–339.6)*† | 175.5 (154.5–202.5)† | 105.1 (88.5–124.7) | <0.001 |
| Doppler SVi (mL/m2) | 37.2 (33.8–44.0)*† | 41.4 (37.1–47.5) | 41.0 (36.4–47.0) | <0.001 |
| Doppler SVi<35 mL/m2 (%) | 64 (41)*† | 12 (11) | 10 (12) | <0.001 |
| Volumetric SVi (mL/m2) | 35.9 (32.2–41.2)*† | 37.4 (35.6–40.6) | 38.9 (35.2–41.8) | 0.016 |
| LVOT velocity (m/s) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0)*† | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.001 |
Values are expressed as mean±SD.
*p<0.05 versus AVA 0.8–0.99 cm2.
†p<0.05 versus AVA 1.0–1.3 cm2.
AVA, aortic valve area; LVOT, left ventricular outflow tract; SVi, stroke volume index.