Table 2

Univariate and multivariate analysis for valvular dysfunction in patients with BAV

Variable	Aortic regurgitation							Aortic stenosis
	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis				Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	Aortic regurgitation n=201	No aortic regurgitation n=651	p Value	OR	95% CI OR		p Value	Aortic stenosis n=184	No aortic stenosis n=668	p Value	OR	95% CI OR		p Value
	Aortic regurgitation n=201	No aortic regurgitation n=651	p Value	OR	Lower	Upper	p Value	Aortic stenosis n=184	No aortic stenosis n=668	p Value	OR	Lower	Upper
Age, years	43.2±16.2	48.6±16.9	0.0001	0.994	0.982	1.007	0.382	55.2±15.3	45.2±16.5	0.0001	1.032	1.018	1.046	0.001
Male, n (%)	169 (84.1)	429 (65.9)	0.0001	2.771	1.780	4.313	0.001	128 (69.6)	470 (70.4)	0.785
Hypertension, n (%)	55 (27.4)	205 (31.4)	0.250	1.098	0.701	1.722	0.683	75 (41.2)	185 (28.1)	0.004	0.806	0.521	1.247	0.333
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)	5 (2.4)	39 (6.1)	0.046	0.491	0.180	1.344	0.166	20 (11.1)	24 (4.1)	0.001	1.373	0.684	2.754	0.373
Dyslipidaemia, n (%)	35 (17.4)	150 (23.0)	0.032	0.785	0.483	1.275	0.327	73 (40.1)	112 (17.1)	0.001	1.743	1.134	2.680	0.011
Smoking, n (%)	57 (28.4)	182 (29.0)	0.719					76 (41.3)	163 (24.4)	0.001	1.548	1.064	2.253	0.022
Sigmoids prolapse, n (%)	64 (31.8)	46 (7.1)	0.0001	5.129	3.230	8.145	0.001	12 (6.5)	98 (14.6)	0.003	0.551	0.280	1.085	0.085
Presence of raphe, n (%)	164 (81.6)	480 (74.0)	0.672					166 (90.2)	478 (71.5)	0.0001	2.652	1.483	4.743	0.001
Valve morphotype			0.824							0.015
BAV-RL, n (%)	146 (74.5)	444 (72.4)						117 (63.5)	473 (70.8)
BAV-RN, n (%)	44 (22.4)	151 (24.6)						58 (31.5)	137 (20.5)		2.094	1.390	3.154	0.001
BAV-LN, n (%)	6 (3.1)	18 (2.9)						6 (3.2)	18 (2.6)		1.316	0.470	3.685	0.601

BAV, bicuspid aortic valve; LN, left coronary and non-coronary; RN, right coronary and non-coronary; RL, right and left.