Selected characteristics in relation to occupational exposures among participants currently employed in HCHS/SOL (n=7404)
| Overall* | Current occupational exposure | ||||||
| Solvents† | Metals† | Pesticides† | |||||
| % | P values | % | P values | % | P values | ||
| Overall | – | 6.5 | 8.5 | 4.7 | |||
| Centre | 0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| Bronx | 25.2 | 4.9 | 7.6 | 6.5 | |||
| Chicago | 18.9 | 8.5 | 12.5 | 4.2 | |||
| Miami | 28.1 | 7.4 | 6.5 | 3.1 | |||
| San Diego | 27.9 | 5.7 | 8.5 | 5.0 | |||
| Background | 0.09 | <0.01 | 0.12 | ||||
| Dominican | 9.2 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 5.8 | |||
| Central American | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 4.1 | |||
| Cuban | 17.3 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 2.8 | |||
| Mexican | 42.0 | 6.5 | 10.4 | 4.8 | |||
| Puerto Rican | 12.0 | 5.9 | 7.0 | 6.3 | |||
| South American | 6.0 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 3.8 | |||
| Other/mixed | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 6.8 | |||
| Age (years) | 0.11 | <0.01 | 0.61 | ||||
| 18–24 | 15.4 | 4.2 | 8.0 | 3.4 | |||
| 25–34 | 25.8 | 6.9 | 11.2 | 5.1 | |||
| 35–44 | 24.6 | 6.3 | 8.7 | 5.0 | |||
| 45–54 | 20.9 | 7.9 | 7.0 | 4.6 | |||
| ≥55 | 13.3 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 4.8 | |||
| Gender | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| Female | 45.1 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 2.8 | |||
| Male | 54.9 | 9.5 | 12.5 | 6.2 | |||
| Residential duration in USA | 0.58 | 0.87 | 0.03 | ||||
| <10 years | 29.6 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 3.5 | |||
| ≥10 years | 70.4 | 6.6 | 8.4 | 5.2 | |||
| Employment status | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.38 | ||||
| Part time (≤35 hours/week) | 34.2 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 4.2 | |||
| Full time (>35 hours/week) | 65.8 | 7.5 | 9.7 | 4.9 | |||
| Primary occupation | <0.01 | <0.01 | 0.28 | ||||
| Non-skilled worker | 27.8 | 7.4 | 10.3 | 4.9 | |||
| Service worker | 18.9 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 3.4 | |||
| Skilled worker | 22.6 | 9.7 | 12.1 | 5.1 | |||
| Professional/technical | 13.9 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 3.7 | |||
| Other | 16.8 | 6.4 | 8.0 | 6.0 | |||
| Educational attainment | 0.11 | <0.01 | 0.33 | ||||
| No high school diploma/GED‡ | 26.3 | 7.0 | 9.9 | 5.6 | |||
| High school diploma/GED | 28.1 | 7.5 | 10.4 | 4.0 | |||
| Greater than high school/GED | 45.6 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 4.6 | |||
| Current health insurance | 0.15 | <0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
| No | 53.2 | 7.0 | 9.6 | 3.8 | |||
| Yes | 46.8 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 5.6 | |||
| SASH language subscale | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.28 | ||||
| 1–<3 (low) | 21.9 | 6.9 | 9.0 | 4.9 | |||
| ≥3 (high) | 78.1 | 5.1 | 6.7 | 3.9 | |||
| Physical activity level | <0.01 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| Low | 18.9 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 3.0 | |||
| Medium | 46.4 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 4.5 | |||
| High | 34.7 | 12.3 | 20.0 | 8.4 | |||
| Alternative healthy eating index | <0.01 | 0.03 | 0.09 | ||||
| ≤43.8 (low) | 31.5 | 4.4 | 6.6 | 3.9 | |||
| >43.8–50.2 (medium) | 32.3 | 7.3 | 8.8 | 4.2 | |||
| >50.2 (high) | 36.2 | 7.5 | 9.7 | 5.8 | |||
| Current alcohol intake | 0.17 | <0.01 | <0.01 | ||||
| None | 42.0 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 3.3 | |||
| Low/moderate | 51.3 | 7.1 | 9.9 | 5.6 | |||
| Heavy | 6.6 | 7.4 | 13.2 | 6.5 | |||
| Smoking status | 0.05 | <0.01 | 0.05 | ||||
| Never | 64.2 | 5.8 | 7.5 | 4.2 | |||
| Former | 17.6 | 7.1 | 8.6 | 4.2 | |||
| Current | 18.2 | 8.3 | 11.7 | 6.9 | |||
| Hypertension | 0.01 | 0.72 | 0.60 | ||||
| No | 83.1 | 6.0 | 8.5 | 4.6 | |||
| Yes | 16.9 | 9.0 | 8.2 | 5.1 | |||
| Hypercholesterolaemia | <0.01 | 0.29 | 0.31 | ||||
| No | 60.8 | 5.6 | 8.1 | 4.3 | |||
| Yes | 39.2 | 7.9 | 9.0 | 5.2 | |||
| Obese | 0.25 | 0.31 | 0.42 | ||||
| No | 63.0 | 6.8 | 8.8 | 4.4 | |||
| Yes | 37.0 | 5.9 | 7.9 | 5.1 | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.27 | 0.92 | 0.57 | ||||
| No | 89.9 | 6.4 | 8.5 | 4.6 | |||
| Yes | 10.1 | 7.6 | 8.3 | 5.2 | |||
*The overall column shows column percentages for all 7404 currently employed HCHS/SOL participants.
†The current occupational exposure columns show row percentages corresponding to currently employed HCHS/SOL participants who self-reported exposures to solvents, metals or pesticides, respectively.
GED, General Equivalency Diploma; HCHS/SOL, Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos; SASH, Short Acculturation Scale for Hispanics.