| Mild VHD | ||||
| (C) General practitioners | ||||
| Positive | Negative | Total | ||
| Murmur present | 55 | 27 | 82 | PPV: 67% (56% to 77%) |
| Murmur absent | 115 | 54 | 169 | NPV: 32% (25% to 40%) |
| Total | 170 | 81 | 251 | Prev: 68% (62% to 73%) |
| Sens: 32% (25% to 40%) | Spec: 67% (55% to 77%) | |||
| LR+: 0.97 (0.67 to 1.41) | LR−: 1.01 (0.84 to 1.22) | |||
| (D) Cardiologists (mean rating) | ||||
| Positive | Negative | Total | ||
| Murmur present | 37 | 14 | 51 | PPV: 73% (58% to 84%) |
| Murmur absent | 133 | 67 | 200 | NPV: 34% (27% to 40%) |
| Total | 170 | 81 | 251 | Prev: 68% (62% to 73%) |
| Sens: 22% (16% to 29%) | Spec: 83% (73% to 90%) | |||
| LR+: 1.26 (0.72 to 2.19) | LR−: 0.95 (0.83 to 1.07) | |||
LR+, positive likelihood ratio; LR−, negative likelihood ratio; NPV, negative predictive value; PPV, positive predictive value; Prev, prevalence; Sens, sensitivity; Spec, specificity; VHD, valvular heart disease.