Demographics and clinical characteristics at baseline*
| Control (n=35) | Treatment (n=38) | P values | |
| Demographic | |||
| Age (years) | 58.9 (11.9) | 58.7 (9.9) | 0.920 |
| Sex (% male) | 29/35 (82.9) | 31/38 (81.6) | 0.999 |
| Ethnicity (% Caucasian) | 30/35 (85.7) | 34/38 (89.5) | 0.729 |
| Body mass index (BMI) | 27.6 (4.0) | 27.7 (4.5) | 0.876 |
| Body surface area (BSA) (m2) | 2.0 (0.2) | 1.9 (0.2) | 0.102 |
| Risk factors | |||
| Current smoker | 7/35 (20.0%) | 15/37 (40.5%) | 0.076 |
| Hypertension | 12/35 (34.3%) | 11/38 (28.9%) | 0.801 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia | 6/35 (17.1%) | 9/38 (23.7%) | 0.570 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10/35 (28.6%) | 4/38 (10.5%) | 0.074 |
| Previous angina | 1/35 (2.9%) | 1/38 (2.6%) | 1.000 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Ischaemic time (min) | 158.2±50.1 | 167.2±39.1 | 0.761 |
| Anterior STEMI | 28/35 (80.0%) | 27/38 (71.1%) | 0.425 |
| Culprit vessel—LAD | 28/35 (80.0%) | 25/38 (65.8%) | 0.199 |
| Cx | 2/35 (5.7%) | 4/38 (10.5%) | 0.095 |
| RCA | 5/35 (14.2%) | 8/38 (21.1%) | 0.133 |
| LMS | 0/35 (0%) | 1/38 (2.6%) | 0.710 |
| Multivessel disease | 5/33 (15.2%) | 7/37 (18.9%) | 0.758 |
| Mean TIMI flow pre-PCI | 0.12±0.06 | 0.22±0.1 | 0.811 |
| Mean TIMI flow post-PCI | 2.78±0.08 | 2.57±0.13 | 0.851 |
| Intervention | |||
| DES | 35/35 (100.0%) | 38/38 (100.0%) | 0.999 |
| Thrombus evacuation | 5/35 (14.3%) | 8/38 (21.1%) | 0.547 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 122.7 (20.9) | 120.2 (19.3) | 0.592 |
| Total cholesterol | 5.0 (0.9) | 5.1 (1.6) | 0.793 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 14.6 (1.5) | 14.1 (1.6) | 0.199 |
| Renal function (GFR) mL/min | 78 (60–90) | 81.5 (60–90) | 0.496 |
| Ejection fraction by echo (%) | 40 (38–43) | 40 (35–42) | 0.452 |
| Length of hospital stay (days) | 2.9 (2.4–3.7) | 3.0 (2.4–3.5) | 0.699 |
| Medication on discharge | |||
| Beta blocker | 34/35 (97.1%) | 34/38 (89.5%) | 0.360 |
| Statin | 34/35 (97.1%) | 37/38 (97.4%) | 0.999 |
| ACEi/ARB | 35/35 (100.0%) | 37/38 (97.4%) | 0.999 |
| MRA | 9/35 (25.7%) | 11/38 (28.9%) | 0.798 |
| Diuretic | 1/35 (2.9%) | 0/38 (0.0%) | 0.480 |
| Aspirin | 34/35 (97.1%) | 38/38 (100.0%) | 0.480 |
| P2Y12 inhibitor | 34/35 (97.1%) | 37/38 (97.4%) | 0.999 |
*Results are shown as mean (SD) or median (Q1–Q3) for continuous variables and as number of patients (percentage) for categorical variables.
ACEi, ACE inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; Cx, circumflex artery; DES, drug-eluting stent; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery; LMS, left main stem artery; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST elevation myocardial infarction; TIMI, thrombolysis in myocardial infarction.