Table 4

Outcomes of pericardial diseases in African-based populations

First author	Year of publication	Period of recruitment	Country	Study design	Data collection	Setting	Area	Disease-specific population	Treatment received	Sample size	Male %	Mean age	Age range	% of HIV	Diagnostic method	Duration of follow-up (in months)	Number of deceased	Mortality rate (%)
Mayosi3	2008	2004	Cameroon, Nigeria and South Africa	Cohort	Prospective	Hospital based	Urban	Presumed tuberculous pericarditis	Anti-TB treatment, steroids and pericardiocentesis.	174	57	33	14–87	55.2	Echocardiography, ECG, bacteriology and biochemistry.	06	48	27.6
Mutyaba26	2014	1990–2012	South Africa	Cohort	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Constrictive pericarditis	Pericardiectomy.	121	65.3	41.3	14–74	11.6	Echocardiography, bacteriology and histology.	01	17	14
Strang37	2004		South Africa	RCT	Prospective	Hospital based	NR	tuberculous pericarditis	Anti-TB treatment, steroids, pericardiocentesis and pericardiostomy.	383	43.8	49	5–78	NR	Echocardiography.	120	96	25
Mynors24	1973	1967–1971	Zimbabwe	Cross-sectional	Retrospective	Hospital based	NR	Pericarditis (86% tuberculous or acute purulent)	Depending on the aetiology: anti-TB treatment and pericardiectomy.	57	NR	NR	NR	NR	Radiology, surgery and postmortem.	NR	15	26.3
Syed34	2013		South Africa	Cohort	Prospective	Hospital based	Urban	Tuberculous pericarditis		81	66.7	36.1	28–58	70.4	Echocardiography, ECG and bacteriology.	06	14	18
Pio13	2016	2011–2014	Togo	Cross-sectional	Prospective	Hospital based	Urban	Pericardial effusions	Variable: anti-TB treatment, pericardiocentesis and pericardiostomy.	38	42	42.5	16–73	47	Echocardiography, ECG and bacteriology.	NR	7	18
Maher36	1997	1993	Malawi	Cohort	Prospective	Hospital based	Urban	Tuberculous pericarditis	Anti-TB treatment, steroids and pericardiocentesis.	42	NR	29	18–54	84	Echocardiography, chest X-ray, ECG and bacteriology.	12	10	23.8
Reuter51	2005	1995–2001	South Africa	Cross-sectional	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Tuberculous pericardial effusion	Anti-TB treatment and pericardial surgery.	162	56.7	38	13–85	36.1	Echocardiography, bacteriology and cytology.	12	28	17
Reuter51	2005	1995–2001	South Africa	Cohort	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Pericardial malignancy	Surgical drainage.	22	56.7	38	13–85	NR	Echocardiography, bacteriology and cytology.	12	20	90
Reuter51	2005	1995–2001	South Africa	Cohort	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Large pericardial effusions	Depending on aetiology: anti-TB treatment and pericardial surgery.	233	56.7	38	13–85		Echocardiography, bacteriology and cytology.	12	70	30
Sidibe16	2007	2005–2006	Mali	Cross-sectional	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Pericardial disease in HIV patients	NR	49	63.3	40.5	NR	100	Echocardiography, chest X-ray, ECG and bacteriology.	NR	18	36.7
Yangni-Angate38	2016	1977–2012	Ivory Coast	Cross-sectional	Retrospective	Hospital based	Urban	Chronic constrictive pericarditis	Pericardiectomy.	120	60	28.8	8–51	NR	Chest X-ray, bacteriology and histology.	NA	15	12.5

NR, not reported.