Characteristics of patients with and without obstructive CAD and subjects with no prior CVD
| MI with obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis) | MINOCA (0 to <50% stenosis) | P values | No prior CVD | |
| n | 7408 | 897 | 8305 | |
| Age (years), mean±SD | 65.1±12.0 | 63.1±12.5 | <0.001 | 63.4±11.1 |
| Age group | <0.001 | |||
| <50 | 812 (11.0) | 140 (15.6) | 952 (11.5) | |
| 50–<60 | 1621 (21.9) | 192 (21.4) | 1813 (21.8) | |
| 60–<70 | 2143 (28.9) | 259 (28.9) | 2402 (28.9) | |
| 70–<80 | 1947 (26.3) | 233 (26.0) | 2682 (32.3) | |
| 80+ | 885 (11.9) | 73 (8.1) | 456 (5.5) | |
| Sex | <0.001 | |||
| Male | 5372 (72.5) | 410 (45.7) | 5782 (69.6) | |
| Female | 2036 (27.5) | 487 (54.3) | 2523 (30.4) | |
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | |||
| Māori | 764 (10.3) | 140 (15.6) | 698 (8.4) | |
| Pacific | 344 (4.6) | 38 (4.2) | 601 (7.2) | |
| Indian | 324 (4.4) | 22 (2.5) | 497 (6.0) | |
| Asian | 209 (2.8) | 29 (3.2) | 1177 (14.2) | |
| European/other | 5767 (77.8) | 668 (74.5) | 5332 (64.2) | |
| Smoking status | 0.044 | |||
| Non-smoker | 3117 (42.1) | 413 (46.0) | 5515 (66.4) | |
| Ex-smoker | 2372 (32.0) | 280 (31.2) | 1595 (19.2) | |
| Current smoker | 1919 (25.9) | 204 (22.7) | 1195 (14.4) | |
| Diabetes | 1685 (22.7) | 141 (15.7) | <0.001 | 884 (10.6) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.628 | |||
| n | 5664 | 517 | 6104 | |
| Mean±SD | 29.4±8.0 | 29.6±11.0 | 27.6±5.8 | |
| TC/HDL cholesterol | <0.001 | |||
| n | 7152 | 860 | 8304 | |
| Mean±SD | 4.42±2.17 | 3.81±1.43 | 4.01±1.19 | |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | <0.001 | |||
| n | 7393 | 896 | 1416 | |
| Mean±SD | 2.72±1.25 | 2.53±1.15 | 2.93±1.02 | |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 0.021 | |||
| n | 7407 | 896 | ||
| Mean±SD | 141.0±27.2 | 143.3±27.2 | 131.6±17.7 | |
| Type of MI | <0.001 | |||
| NSTEMI | 4755 (64.2) | 807 (90.0) | – | |
| STEMI | 2653 (35.8) | 90 (10.0) | – | |
| Dementia | 14 (0.2) | 1 (0.1) | 1 | – |
| Pulmonary disease | 306 (4.1) | 65 (7.3) | <0.001 | – |
| Connective tissue disorder | 69 (0.9) | 4 (0.5) | 0.141 | – |
| Peptic ulcer disease | 72 (1.0) | 9 (1.0) | 0.928 | – |
| Mild liver disease | 78 (1.1) | 12 (1.3) | 0.436 | – |
| Severe liver disease | 13 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0.385 | – |
| Cancer | 342 (4.6) | 32 (3.6) | 0.152 | – |
| Metastatic cancer | 64 (0.9) | 7 (0.8) | 0.797 | – |
| Prior CVD | 2249 (30.4) | 222 (24.8) | 0.001 | – |
| Killip class | <0.001 | |||
| I | 6713 (90.6) | 845 (94.2) | – | |
| II, III, IV | 695 (9.4) | 52 (5.8) | – | |
| EF | <0.001 | |||
| Normal (≥50%) | 3236 (43.7) | 508 (56.6) | – | |
| Mid-range EF (40%–49%) | 1209 (16.3) | 78 (8.7) | – | |
| Reduced EF (<40%) | 960 (13.0) | 46 (5.1) | – | |
| No EF recorded | 2003 (27.0) | 265 (29.5) | – | |
| PCI | 5077 (68.5) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | – |
| CABG | 1152 (15.6) | 0 (0) | <0.001 | – |
| In-hospital death | 112 (1.5) | 2 (0.2) | 0.002 | – |
Values are expressed in n (%) or mean±SD.
BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; CAD, coronary artery disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; EF, ejection fraction; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MI, myocardial infarction; MINOCA, MI with non-obstructive coronary arteries; NSTEMI, non–ST-segment elevation MI; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI, ST-segment elevation MI; TC/HDL, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein.