Table 2

Baseline cardiovascular characteristics by living arrangement status

Living alone (n=3648)Not living alone (n=28 728)P value
Any angina, n (%)840 (23.0)6328 (22.0)0.17
Angina and CCS class0.13
No angina2807 (77.0)22 399 (78.0)
Angina CCS class I263 (7.2)1788 (6.2)
Angina CCS class II417 (11.4)3396 (11.8)
Angina CCS class III150 (4.1)1075 (3.7)
Angina CCS class IV10 (0.3)68 (0.2)
CHF symptoms including NYHA class, (%)0.89
No CHF3098 (84.9)24 375 (84.9)
CHF NYHA class II456 (12.5)3642 (12.7)
CHF NYHA class III94 (2.6)709 (2.5)
Heart rate (palpation), mean68.3 (10.6)68.2 (10.6)0.79
SBP (mm Hg), mean132.2 (17.2)130.9 (16.6)<0.001
DBP (mm Hg), mean76.9 (10.1)77.3 (10.0)0.020
Left ventricular ejection fraction (%), mean56.5 (11.3)56.0 (11.0)0.032
Number of vessels with disease, n (%)*0.005
0139 (4.6)864 (3.5)
11279 (41.9)10 053 (40.9)
2 or more1634 (53.5)13 649 (55.6)
Coronary territories with stenosis >50%, n (%)*
 Left main335 (9.2)2500 (8.7)0.33
 Left anterior descending2075 (56.9)16 827 (58.6)0.051
 Circumflex artery1208 (33.1)10 468 (36.5)<0.001
 Right coronary artery1520 (41.7)12 590 (43.8)0.013
 Bypass graft299 (8.2)2300 (8.0)0.69
 No significant stenosis146 (4.0)906 (3.2)0.007
 Coronary angiography not performed (within 12 months)586 (16.1)4138 (14.4)0.007
ECG rhythm, n (%)†<0.001
Sinus rhythm2462 (93.1)20 499 (95.2)
Atrial fibrillation/flutter121 (4.6)702 (3.3)
Paced rhythm62 (2.3)332 (1.5)
LBBB158 (6.0)1025 (4.8)0.0063
HbA1C (%), mean (SD)6.7 (1.2)6.8 (1.8)0.018
Creatinine (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)87 (74, 100)88 (76, 102)<0.001
Haemoglobin (g/dL), median (25th, 75th quartiles)13.9 (12.9, 14.9)14.1 (13.0, 15.0)<0.001
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)5.6 (5.0, 6.5)5.7 (5.1, 6.7)<0.001
Total cholesterol (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)4.4 (3.7, 5.1)4.3 (3.7, 5.0)0.002
HDL (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)1.2 (1.0, 1.5)1.1 (1.0, 1.4)<0.001
LDL (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)2.37 (1.89, 2.94)2.37 (1.90, 2.94)0.68
Fasting triglycerides (mmol/L), median (25th, 75th quartiles)1.39 (1.00, 1.88)1.40 (1.02, 1.93)0.15
  • *Investigators reported number of vessels with disease and number of coronary territories with significant stenosis (>50%) independent of whether the patient had a recent angiogram (within 12 months). These data were investigator reported independent of the most recent available angiogram results and may not be mutually exclusive.

  • †Data were recorded if an ECG was available for whether the patient was in sinus rhythm, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, paced rhythm or LBBB. The remaining patients may not have had ECG data available or may be in another rhythm then above.

  • CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CHF, congestive heart failure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1C, haemoglobin A1C; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LBBB, left bundle branch block; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NYHA, New York Heat Association; SBP, systolic blood pressure.