Characteristics | All participants (n=2199) | Men with history of CHD (n=342) | Men without history of CHD (n=1857) |
Age (years) | 52.8 (5.3) | 54.9 (4.7) | 52.4 (5.3) |
Education (years) | 8.8 (3.5) | 7.7 (2.5) | 9.0 (3.6)* |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.5 (3.5) | 27.3 (3.5) | 26.8 (3.5)* |
Physical activity (kcal/day) | 139 (170) | 145 (173) | 138 (169) |
Current smoker (%) | 31.2 | 36.3 | 29.5 |
Alcohol in (g/week) | 74 (132) | 79 (196) | 74 (117) |
Diabetes (%) | 5.4 | 9.3 | 4.6* |
Treated hypertension (%) | 58.9 | 74.6 | 56.1 |
Energy intake (kcal/day) | 2361 (622) | 2260 (590) | 2380 (625)* |
Serum triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.32 (0.82) | 1.60 (1.09) | 1.27 (0.75)* |
Serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.29 (0.30) | 1.26 (0.32) | 1.30 (0.29) |
Serum LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.02 (0.99) | 4.12 (1.08) | 4.00 (0.97) |
Blood glucose (mmol/L) | 4.76 (1.07) | 4.97 (1.52) | 4.72 (0.96) |
Serum total long-chain omega-3 PUFA | 4.68 (1.62) | 4.68 (1.77) | 4.67 (1.59) |
Serum EPA (%) | 1.67 (0.92) | 1.68 (0.98) | 1.66 (0.91) |
Serum DPA (%) | 0.55 (0.10) | 0.54 (0.12) | 0.55 (0.10) |
Serum DHA (%) | 2.46 (0.74) | 2.46 (0.81) | 2.46 (0.73) |
Hair mercury (μg/g) | 2.06 (2.12) | 2.84 (2.74) | 1.91 (1.96)* |
Results are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variables and as proportions for categorical data.
*P value for difference ≤0.05, when comparing those with or without history of coronary heart disease.
BMI, body mass index; CHD, coronary heart disease; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; DPA, docosapentaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acid.