Baseline characteristics of patients with and without acute myocardial injury
| Total (N=101) | hs-TnT≤14 pg/mL (n=85) | hs-TnT>14 pg/mL (n=16) | P value | |
| Age, years (IQR) | 49 (34–62) | 47 (33–55) | 67 (61.0–80.5) | <0.001 |
| Males, n (%) | 54 (53.5) | 47 (55.3) | 7 (43.8) | 0.401 |
| Duration from onset to hospitalisation (days) (IQR) | 7 (3–10) | 7 (3–11) | 5.5 (2–7) | 0.090 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 14 (13.9) | 10 (11.8) | 4 (25) | 0.160 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 21 (21) | 12 (14.3) | 9 (56.3) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 5 (5.0) | 2 (2.4) | 3 (18.8) | 0.006 |
| COPD, n (%) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 0.663 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 6 (5.9) | 3 (3.5) | 3 (18.8) | 0.018 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 8 (7.9) | 7 (8.2) | 1 (6.3) | 0.787 |
| Medications | – | – | – | – |
| ACEi/ARB, n (%) | 5 (5.0) | 2 (2.4) | 3 (18.8) | 0.006 |
| CCB, n (%) | 12 (11.9) | 7 (8.2) | 5 (31.3) | 0.009 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 0.663 |
| Statin, n (%) | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.3) | 0.021 |
| Symptoms | – | – | – | – |
| Fever, n (%) | 74 (73.3) | 61 (71.8) | 13 (81.3) | 0.432 |
| Chest discomfort, n (%) | 11 (10.9) | 9 (10.6) | 2 (12.5) | 0.822 |
| Dyspnoea, n (%) | 13 (12.9) | 8 (9.4) | 5 (31.3) | 0.049 |
| Minimum oxygenation index (mm Hg) (IQR) | 305.7 (194.0–359.5) | 339.8 (219.6–413.3) | 189.8 (115.8–242.1) | <0.001 |
| Laboratory measurements | – | – | – | – |
| WBC, 109/L (IQR) | 5.4 (4.2–7.2) | 5.4 (4.3–7.1) | 5.9 (3.6–7.8) | 0.834 |
| Neutrophil, 109/L (IQR) | 3.6 (2.7–5.2) | 3.6 (2.8–5.2) | 3.9 (2.0–5.3) | 0.612 |
| Lymphocyte, 109/L (IQR) | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 0.7 (0.4–1.6) | 0.096 |
| Monocyte, 109/L (IQR) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.4 (0.3–0.5) | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) | 0.087 |
| ALT (U/L) (IQR) | 22 (16–37) | 24 (17–39) | 17 (14–21) | 0.016 |
| AST (U/L) (IQR) | 26 (21–34) | 26 (20–32) | 30.5 (24–37) | 0.139 |
| BUN (mmol/L) (IQR) | 3.7 (3.1–4.7) | 3.5 (2.8–4.4) | 6.3 (3.6–12.4) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) (IQR) | 107.5 (94.9–118.2) | 109 (97.8–119.0) | 70.7 (5.9–91.7) | <0.001 |
| UA (µmol/L) (IQR) | 269 (200–348) | 269 (210–334) | 273.5 (159.5–401.5) | 0.978 |
| CRP (mg/L) (IQR) | 9.9 (2.6–25.7) | 9.3 (2.2–24.0) | 23.7 (4.6–67.9) | 0.050 |
| PCT (ng/L) (IQR) | 0.03 (0.02–0.05) | 0.02 (0.02–0.04) | 0.04 (0.02–0.13) | 0.037 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) (IQR) | 71.2 (31.6–237.5) | 62.9 (26.6–148.2) | 6082 (142.7–7588) | <0.001 |
| hs-TnT (pg/mL) (IQR) | 6.8 (4.3–10.1) | 6.0 (4.1–8.5) | 42.0 (17.1–320.1) | <0.001 |
| CK (U/L) (IQR) | 74 (50–132) | 72 (49–125) | 109.5 (64.0–255.5) | 0.076 |
| CK-MB, U/L (IQR) | 12 (9–16) | 12 (9–15) | 13.5 (11.0–20.5) | 0.019 |
| LDH (U/L) (IQR) | 223 (186–264) | 210 (182–252) | 287 (235.5–370.5) | <0.001 |
| TC (mmol/L) (IQR) | 3.9 (3.3–4.7) | 3.8 (3.3–4.6) | 4.2 (3.5–4.9) | 0.405 |
| TG (mmol/L) (IQR) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 1.4 (1.0–2.1) | 1.4 (1.1–1.7) | 0.656 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) (IQR) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 1.9 (1.5–2.4) | 2.1 (1.5–2.6) | 0.714 |
| PT (s) (IQR) | 13 (12.6–13.7) | 13 (12.6–13.7) | 13 (12.6–13.6) | 0.949 |
| APTT (s) (IQR) | 28.5 (26.2–31.4) | 28.4 (26.2–31.3) | 29.6 (27.3–32.7) | 0.462 |
| Chest CT findings | – | – | – | – |
| Pulmonary lesion ratio (%) (IQR) | 10 (2.5–30.0) | 7.5 (2.5–20.0) | 38.8 (21.3–45.0) | <0.001 |
| Exudative lesions (%) (IQR) | 0 (0–1.5) | 0 (0–1.5) | 0 (0–5) | 0.152 |
| Pleural effusion (%) (IQR) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.086 |
ACEi, ACE inhibitor; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CK, creatine kinase; CK-MB, creatine kinase and MB subfraction; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; hs-TnT, high-sensitivity troponin T; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; NT-proBNP, N-terminal-proB-type natriuretic peptide; PCT, procalcitonin; PT, prothrombin time; TC, total cholesterol; TG, total triglyceride; UA, uric acid; WBC, white blood cell count.