Table 1

Ongoing randomised clinical trials of medical therapies in aortic stenosis

Study	Target	Treatment
Lipid-driven inflammation pathways
PCSK9 inhibitors in the progression of aortic stenosis (NCT03051360)	ApoB-containing lipoproteins; PCSK9.	Biweekly injection of PCSK9 inhibitor versus placebo.
EAVaLL—Early Aortic Valve Lipoprotein (a) Lowering (NCT02109614)	Lipoprotein(a).	Daily extended-release niacin 1500–2000 mg versus placebo.
Calcification pathways
SALTIRE II—Study Investigating the Effect of Drugs Used to Treat Osteoporosis on the Progression of Calcific Aortic Stenosis (NCT02132026)	Mineral metabolism.	Alendronic acid (n=50) versus placebo tablets (n=25). Denosumab (n=50) versus placebo injections (n=25).
BASIK2— Bicuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis and the Effect of vItamin K2 on Calciummetabolism on 18F-NaF PET/MRI (NCT02917525)	Vitamin K2-Matrix Gla protein.	Daily vitamin K2 360 µg (n=22) versus placebo (n=22).