Age-standardised, sex-standardised and race-standardised incidence rates and 95% CIs (per 1000 person-years) of cardiovascular disease (heart failure, myocardial infarction and ischaemic stroke) by income categories
| Income | |||||
| Event | <$40 000 | $40–$59 000 | $60–$74 000 | $75–$99 000 | ≥$100 000 |
| Heart failure* | 5.4 (4.2 to 6.6) | 4.1 (3.5 to 4.6) | 3.4 (2.7 to 4.0) | 3.1 (2.7 to 3.6) | 3.0 (2.4 to 3.5) |
| Myocardial infarction† | 2.1 (1.6 to 2.7) | 1.9 (1.5 to 2.4) | 1.4 (0.9 to 1.9) | 1.4 (1.0 to 1.7) | 1.6 (1.0 to 1.5) |
| Stroke‡ | 3.2 (2.2 to 4.2) | 2.5 (2.0 to 3.0) | 2.3 (1.9 to 2.7) | 2.1 (1.8 to 2.4) | 2.3 (2.0 to 2.6) |
*Prevalent heart failure was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident heart failure.
†Prevalent coronary heart disease was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident myocardial infarction.
‡Prevalent ischaemic stroke was excluded from model 3 when calculating incident ischaemic stroke.