Characteristics of the patients at baseline
| Variables | Definite TGCV (n=17) | Probable TGCV (n=22) | Non-TGCV control (n=44) | P value |
| Age, years | 66.6±10.9 | 63.3±11.8 | 64.3±11.9 | 0.72 |
| Male, n (%) | 12 (70.6) | 20 (90.9) | 33 (75.0) | 0.23 |
| Height, m | 1.58±0.11 | 1.63±0.06 | 1.62±0.10 | 0.25 |
| Weight, kg | 54.9±12.9 | 63.9±15.4 | 58.2±14.7 | 0.14 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 21.8±4.4 | 23.9±4.9 | 21.9±4.1 | 0.17 |
| Prior myocardial infarction, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 5 (22.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0.003 |
| Prior CABG, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 1 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0.30 |
| Dialysis period, years (IQR) | 6.0 (4.5–9.5) | 2.0 (1.0–6.8) | 5.0 (2.0–16.0) | 0.06 |
| Primary causes of dialysis | ||||
| Nephrosclerosis, n (%) | 3 (17.6) | 1 (4.5) | 10 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 9 (52.9) | 20 (90.9) | 9 (20.5) | |
| Chronic glomerulonephritis, n (%) | 5 (29.4) | 0 (0.0) | 15 (34.1) | |
| Others, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (15.9) | |
| Unknown, n (%) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.5) | 3 (6.8) | |
| Coronary risk factor | ||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (76.5) | 19 (86.4) | 36 (81.8) | 0.73 |
| Dyslipidaemia, n (%) | 9 (52.9) | 11 (50.0) | 11 (25.0) | 0.047 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 9 (52.9) | 22 (100.0) | 11 (25.0) | <0.001 |
| IGT, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (11.4) | 0.24 |
| Diabetes or IGT, n (%) | 10 (58.8) | 22 (100.0) | 16 (36.4) | <0.001 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 3 (17.6) | 6 (27.3) | 11 (25.0) | 0.77 |
| Medications | ||||
| Insulin, n (%) | 7 (41.2) | 13 (59.1) | 3 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| Statins, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 9 (40.9) | 9 (20.5) | 0.07 |
| CCB, n (%) | 8 (47.1) | 15 (68.2) | 32 (72.7) | 0.16 |
| ACEi/ARB, n (%) | 5 (29.4) | 11 (50.0) | 17 (38.6) | 0.42 |
| β blocker, n (%) | 5 (29.4) | 5 (22.7) | 14 (31.8) | 0.74 |
| Thiazide, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.14 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| CRP, mg/L (IQR) | 3.0 (2.0–8.0) | 2.0 (1.0–6.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 0.63 |
| Alb, mg/dL | 3.9±0.6 | 3.8±0.7 | 3.7±0.4 | 0.50 |
| GNRI | 99.6±12.3 | 101.4±12.2 | 97.0±11.5 | 0.34 |
| HbA1c, % (IQR) | 5.4 (5.1–6.6) | 6.3 (5.8–7.1) | 5.2 (4.9–5.4) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 167±23 | 168±26 | 154±33 | 0.14 |
| LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 97±24 | 96±23 | 86±29 | 0.20 |
| HDL-cholesterol, mg/dL | 52±14 | 46±10 | 51±18 | 0.31 |
| TG, mg/dL (IQR) | 113 (75–184) | 101 (71–173) | 94 (61–138) | 0.64 |
| LVEF, % | 63.8±11.1 | 54.6±10.7 | 61.9±11.8 | 0.22 |
| WOR of BMIPP (%) | −5.87±18.6 | 13.6±14.8 | 16.3±9.9 | <0.001 |
| WOR of BMIPP <10% n (%) | 17 (100.0) | 7 (31.8) | 11 (25.0) | <0.001 |
| Coronary morphology | ||||
| Number of significant stenosis | 1.5±1.1 | 1.7±1.6 | 0.4±0.8 | <0.001 |
| Diffuse narrowing, n (%) | 17 (100.0) | 15 (68.2) | 9 (20.5) | <0.001 |
| Invasive therapies | ||||
| PCI, n (%) | 14 (82.4) | 13 (59.1) | 10 (22.7) | <0.001 |
| CABG, n (%) | 1 (5.9) | 2 (9.1) | 1 (2.3) | 0.46 |
| PCI or CABG, n (%)* | 15 (88.2) | 15 (68.2) | 11 (25.0) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables were expressed as means±SD, and three-group comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA analysis. Categorical variables were presented as patient number (%) and analysed using the χ2 test.
*PCI or CABG indicates the number of procedures underwent at the time of the initial diagnosis based on ischaemic chest symptoms with an ischaemic ECG change and with a positive functional ischaemia assessment and/or BMIPP findings.
ACEi, angiotensin conversion enzyme inhibitor; Alb, albumin; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; BMIPP, β-methyl-iodophenyl-pentadecanoic acid; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CRP, C-reactive protein; GNRI, geriatric nutritional risk index; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; TG, triglyceride; TGCV, triglyceride deposit cardiomyovasculopathy; WOR, washout rate.