Effect of external ventilation in Fontan subjects and controls
| CMR flows Δ flow (L/min/m2) | Fontan subjects (n=10) | Controls (n=10) | P value |
| Effect of NPV | |||
| SVC | 0.00 (−0.02–0.07) | 0.04 (−0.31–0.23) | 0.571 |
| Fontan/Sup-IVC | 0.16 (0.11–0.35) | −0.21 (0.48–0.05) | 0.004 |
| Sub-IVC | 0.14 (−0.02–0.26) | 0.01 (−0.21–0.30) | 0.472 |
| HV | 0.14 (0.01–0.30) | −0.21 (−0.38–−0.01) | 0.026 |
| PoV | 0.07 (−0.01–0.14) | 0.02 (−0.04–0.10) | 0.345 |
| PBF | 0.20 (0.10–0.53) | −0.09 (−0.43–0.09) | 0.009 |
| CO | 0.17 (−0.11–0.23) | 0.07 (−0.31–0.23) | 0.571 |
| Effect of BPV | |||
| SVC | 0.08 (−0.01–0.19) | 0.02 (−0.16–0.09) | 0.089 |
| Fontan/Sup-IVC | 0.58 (0.09–0.81) | 0.00 (−0.50–0.15) | 0.009 |
| Sub-IVC | 0.22 (0.04–0.58) | −0.01 (−0.26–0.30) | 0.111 |
| HV | 0.26 (0.04–0.58) | −0.03 (−0.12–0.05) | 0.045 |
| PoV | 0.05 (−0.05–0.10) | −0.04 (−0.12–0.02) | 0.088 |
| PBF | 0.61 (0.20–0.84) | −0.27 (−0.55–0.13) | 0.001 |
| CO | 0.47 (0.21–0.71) | 0.07 (−0.47–0.33) | 0.034 |
Data expressed as median (IQR).
BPV, biphasic ventilation; CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; CO, cardiac output; HV, hepatic vein; NPV, negative pressure ventilation; PBF, pulmonary blood flow; PoV, portal vein; Sub-IVC, subhepatic inferior vena cava; Sup-IVC, suprahepatic inferior vena cava; SVC, superior vena cava.