Comparison of the family lives of male and female cardiologists
| Male % (n) | Female % (n) | P value* | Total sample % (n) | ||
| Marital status | Married/in a civil partnership | 94.7 (125) | 78.6 (33) | <0.05 | 90.8 (158) |
| Single, divorced, separated/other | 0.04 (7) | 0.05 (9) | 9.2 (16) | ||
| Children | One or more (biological or adopted) | 91.7 (121) | 78.6 (33) | <0.05 | 88.5 (154) |
| None | 8.3 (11) | 21.4 (9) | 11.5 (20) | ||
| Childcare arrangements | Spouse provides all care | 37.9 (50) | 0.0 (0) | <0.0001 | 28.7 (50) |
| Spouse provides part-time care | 40.2 (53) | 21.4 (9) | 0.028 | 35.6 (62) | |
| Paid live-in full-time carer | 3.0 (4) | 11.9 (5) | 0.038 | 5.2 (9) | |
| Paid live-out full-time carer | 6.8 (9) | 21.4 (9) | 0.016 | 10.3 (18) | |
| Paid part-time carer | 18.2 (24) | 33.3 (14) | 0.053 | 21.8 (38) | |
| Out of home private care | 8.3 (11) | 7.1 (3) | 1.0 | 8.0 (14) | |
| Out of home institutional care | 28.8 (38) | 40.5 (17) | 0.183 | 31.6 (55) | |
| Non-paid relative | 18.2 (24) | 19.0 (8) | 1.0 | 18.4 (32) | |
| Additional care for night shifts | Yes | 6.8 (9) | 21.4 (9) | 0.007 | 89.7 |
| No | 93.2 (123) | 78.6 (33) | 10.3 | ||
| Additional care for weekend shifts | Yes | 44.7 (54) | 62.1 (25) | 0.007 | 51.3 (79) |
| No | 50.4 (61) | 18.2 (6) | 43.5 (67) | ||
| Other | 5.0 (6) | 6.1 (2) | 5.2 (8) | ||
| Primary caregiver (non-childcare, eg, parent) | Yes | 15.9 (21) | 21.4 (9) | >0.05 | 17.2 (30) |
| No | 84.1 (111) | 78.6 (33) | 82.8 (144) | ||
| Hours a week spent on household responsibilities | <5 | 20.5 (27) | 9.5 (4) | <0.05 | 17.8 (31) |
| 5–10 | 48.5 (64) | 26.2 (11) | 43.1 (75) | ||
| 11–20 | 22.0 (29) | 23.8 (10) | 22.4 (39) | ||
| 21–30 | 8.3 (11) | 21.4 (9) | 11.5 (20) | ||
| 31–40 | 0.8 (1) | 19.0 (8) | 5.2 (9) | ||
| Parental leave impact | Career or training interrupted by maternity/paternity leave | 7.6 (10) | 61.9 (26) | <0.05 | 20.7 (3 |
| Not interrupted | 92.4 (122) | 38.1 (16) | 79.3 (138) |
Significant p values are in bold.
*χ2 test of gender differences.