Baseline characteristics in 865 patients with bicuspid aortic valves who underwent aortic valve surgery in Sweden between 2007 and 2020
| All patients n=865 | |
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 60.4 (13) |
| Female sex | 224 (26%) |
| Region of birth | |
| Non-Nordic countries | 69 (8.0%) |
| Body mass index (kg/cm2), mean (SD) | 26.7 (4.3) |
| Cardiovascular heredity | 280 (32%) |
| Smoking | |
| Never | 420 (49%) |
| Current | 75 (8.8%) |
| Former | 359 (42%) |
| Bicuspid aortic valve phenotype* | |
| Type 0 | 66 (8.2%) |
| Type 1, left-right | 592 (74%) |
| Type 1, right-non | 140 (17%) |
| Type 1, non-left | 6 (0.7%) |
| New York Heart Association classification | |
| I–II | 619 (77%) |
| III–IV | 187 (23%) |
| Aortic valve pathology | |
| Aortic stenosis | 603 (71%) |
| Aortic insufficiency | 187 (22%) |
| Combined aortic stenosis/aortic insufficiency | 55 (6.5%) |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction | |
| >50% | 423 (77%) |
| 31%–50% | 111 (20%) |
| <30% | 16 (2.9%) |
| Hypertension | 459 (53%) |
| Diabetes | 115 (13%) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 57 (6.6%) |
| Heart failure | 65 (7.5%) |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 80 (9.2%) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 55 (6.4%) |
| Stroke or transitory ischaemic attack | 58 (6.7%) |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 55 (6.4%) |
| Deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism | 28 (3.2%) |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 2 (0.2%) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate (mL/min/1.73 m2) | |
| >60 | 781 (90%) |
| 30–60 | 78 (9.0%) |
| <30 or dialysis | 6 (0.7%) |
| Year of surgery | |
| 2007–2010 | 236 (27%) |
| 2011–2015 | 372 (43%) |
| 2016–2020 | 257 (30%) |
Data are n (%) unless otherwise noted.
*According to the Sievers and Schmidtke classification.