All HF subtypes | HFrEF | HFpEF | ||||
Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
Whole cohort | ||||||
ACEI/ARB | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 1.07 (0.81 to 1.42) p=0.62 | 1.01 (0.76 to 1.33) p=0.96 | 0.71 (0.47 to 1.07) p=0.10 | 0.63 (0.42 to 0.96) p=0.03 | 0.92 (0.50 to 1.68) p=0.79 | 1.02 (0.57 to 1.84) p=0.94 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Beta blockers | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 1.00 (0.75 to 1.35) p=0.97 | 1.05 (0.78 to 1.41) p=0.75 | 0.91 (0.57 to 1.45) p=0.68 | 0.99 (0.62 to 1.59) p=0.96 | 1.17 (0.62 to 2.21) p=0.63 | 1.27 (0.69 to 2.35) p=0.44 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Women | ||||||
ACEI/ARB | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 1.07 (0.70 to 1.63) p=0.76 | 1.05 (0.69 to 1.60) p=0.82 | 0.54 (0.28 to 1.03) p=0.06 | 0.49 (0.25 to 0.99) p=0.05 | 0.70 (0.30 to 1.64) p=0.41 | 0.75 (0.32 to 1.73) p=0.50 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Beta blockers | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 1.09 (0.71 to 1.66) p=0.69 | 1.10 (0.72 to 1.68) p=0.66 | 0.96 (0.47 to 1.95) p=0.92 | 1.06 (0.51 to 2.20) p=0.88 | 1.54 (0.72 to 3.29) p=0.27 | 1.62 (0.77 to 3.40) p=0.21 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Men | ||||||
ACEI/ARB | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 1.10 (0.75 to 1.59) p=0.63 | 1.00 (0.69 to 1.44) p=0.98 | 0.88 (0.52 to 1.49) p=0.64 | 0.76 (0.45 to 1.28) p=0.30 | 1.35 (0.57 to 3.21) p=0.50 | 1.48 (0.64 to 3.44) p=0.36 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Beta blockers | ||||||
<50% of target dose | 0.93 (0.62 to 1.41) p=0.74 | 1.00 (0.67 to 1.51) p=0.98 | 0.88 (0.47 to 1.63) p=0.68 | 0.95 (0.51 to 1.76) p=0.86 | 0.62 (0.19 to 2.09) p=0.44 | 0.75 (0.24 to 2.29) p=0.61 |
≥50% of target dose (ref) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
ACEI, ACE inhibitor; AR, angiotensin II receptor; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; ref, reference.