Univariable and multivariable incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% CIs of ‘any additional cardiac procedures’, ‘additional surgical procedures’ and ‘additional catheter procedures’
| Risk factor | Any type of additional cardiac procedures | Additional surgical procedures | Additional catheter procedures | |||
| Univariable IRR (95% CI) | Multivariable IRR (95% CI) | Univariable IRR (95% CI) | Multivariable IRR (95% CI) | Univariable IRR (95% CI) | Multivariable IRR (95% CI) | |
| Clinical subgroups (Ref: other FUH) | ||||||
| FUH with atrial isomerism | 1.10 (0.77 to 1.56) | 1.04 (0.72 to 1.51) | 1.10 (0.66 to 1.86) | 0.96 (0.55 to 1.66) | 1.10 (0.77 to 1.57) | 1.13 (0.76 to 1.66) |
| DILV or DIRV | 0.74 (0.54 to 1.02) | 0.64 (0.46 to 0.90)** | 0.64 (0.40 to 1.03) | 0.50 (0.30 to 0.82)** | 0.86 (0.62 to 1.18) | 0.83 (0.58 to 1.17) |
| Tricuspid atresia | 0.87 (0.64 to 1.18) | 0.73 (0.53 to 1.02) | 0.89 (0.56 to 1.41) | 0.61 (0.37 to 1.01) | 0.86 (0.63 to 1.18) | 0.85 (0.60 to 1.21) |
| Mitral atresia | 0.77 (0.50 to 1.20) | 0.84 (0.52 to 1.34) | 0.51 (0.26 to 1.00) | 0.47 (0.23 to 0.99)* | 1.06 (0.68 to 1.64) | 1.22 (0.76 to 1.96) |
| Unbalanced AVSD | 2.17 (1.49 to 3.18) | 1.43 (0.96 to 2.13) | 3.20 (1.81 to 5.66) | 1.45 (0.78 to 2.71) | 1.43 (0.99 to 2.07) | 1.35 (0.90 to 2.00) |
| Gender (Ref: female) | ||||||
| Male | 1.05 (0.86 to 1.27) | 1.09 (0.90 to 1.32) | 0.97 (0.73 to 1.29) | 1.03 (0.77 to 1.38) | 1.09 (0.90 to 1.32) | 1.12 (0.92 to 1.36) |
| Index procedure weight <2.5 kg (Ref: weight >2.5 kg) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.65 (1.78 to 3.93) | 0.75 (0.31 to 1.83) | 2.57 (1.43 to 4.65) | 0.65 (0.17 to 2.48) | 1.93 (1.31 to 2.83) | 0.86 (0.35 to 2.15) |
| Ethnicity (Ref: non-white) | ||||||
| White | 1.18 (0.96 to 1.45) | 1.14 (0.91 to 1.41) | 1.13 (0.83 to 1.53) | 1.17 (0.83 to 1.63) | 1.15 (0.93 to 1.42) | 1.10 (0.88 to 1.38) |
| Antenatal diagnosis (Ref: none) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.64 (1.30 to 2.06) | 1.43 (1.12 to 1.82)** | 1.92 (1.35 to 2.72) | 1.67 (1.14 to 2.45)* | 1.40 (1.11 to 1.77) | 1.24 (0.96 to 1.59) |
| Congenital non-cardiac comorbidity (Ref: none) | ||||||
| Yes | 1.88 (1.48 to 2.40) | 1.54 (1.20 to 1.97)** | 1.95 (1.37 to 2.78) | 1.57 (1.09 to 2.31)* | 1.72 (1.35 to 2.19) | 1.51 (1.17 to 1.94)** |
| Prematurity (Ref: full term) | ||||||
| Yes | 2.15 (1.48 to 3.13) | 1.33 (0.87 to 2.04) | 2.02 (1.15 to 3.54) | 1.20 (0.60 to 2.41) | 1.97 (1.37 to 2.83) | 1.42 (0.94 to 2.13) |
| Index procedure acquired comorbidity (Ref: none) | ||||||
| Yes | 5.00 (2.94 to 8.49) | 3.78 (2.17 to 6.59)*** | 6.84 (3.18 to 14.70) | 6.83 (3.02 to 15.46)*** | 2.70 (1.59 to 4.59) | 1.77 (1.02 to 3.08)* |
| Index procedure increased severity of illness (Ref: none) | ||||||
| Yes | 4.19 (2.95 to 5.94) | 2.42 (0.97 to 6.03) | 4.93 (2.91 to 8.38) | 2.21 (0.53 to 9.14) | 3.11 (2.23 to 4.33) | 2.53 (1.06 to 6.07)* |
| Index of Multiple Deprivation (Ref: most deprived) | ||||||
| Second most deprived | 0.90 (0.70 to 1.17) | 0.88 (0.69 to 1.13) | 0.95 (0.65 to 1.40) | 0.92 (0.63 to 1.35) | 0.94 (0.72 to 1.22) | 0.91 (0.70 to 1.17) |
| Mid-deprived | 1.15 (0.86 to 1.53) | 0.90 (0.68 to 1.19) | 1.08 (0.71 to 1.65) | 0.96 (0.62 to 1.48) | 1.19 (0.89 to 1.58) | 0.95 (0.71 to 1.27) |
| Second least deprived | 0.83 (0.60 to 1.14) | 0.74 (0.54 to 1.03) | 0.79 (0.49 to 1.27) | 0.63 (0.38 to 1.03) | 0.89 (0.64 to 1.23) | 0.91 (0.66 to 1.27) |
| Least deprived | 0.85 (0.61 to 1.19) | 0.95 (0.68 to 1.32) | 0.79 (0.49 to 1.30) | 1.03 (0.62 to 1.71) | 0.94 (0.67 to 1.31) | 0.98 (0.70 to 1.37) |
| Clinical subgroups (Ref: other FUH) * Index procedure weight <2.5 kg (Ref: weight >2.5 kg) | ||||||
| FUH with atrial isomerism (interaction) Yes | 0.72 (0.17 to 3.04) | 0.42 (0.05 to 3.73) | 0.97 (0.22 to 4.41) | |||
| DILV or DIRV (interaction) Yes | 2.55 (0.73 to 8.94) | 1.75 (0.26 to 11.74) | 2.31 (0.68 to 7.81) | |||
| Tricuspid atresia (interaction) Yes | 1.51 (0.50 to 4.53) | 2.05 (0.36 to 11.50) | 1.39 (0.47 to 4.15) | |||
| Mitral atresia *(interaction) Yes | 0.86 (0.17 to 4.37) | 2.05 (0.20 to 21.06) | 0.46 (0.07 to 3.11) | |||
| Unbalanced AVSD (interaction) Yes | 2.53 (0.61 to 10.51) | 2.59 (0.31 to 21.50) | 3.07 (0.72 to 13.07) | |||
| Clinical subgroups (Ref: other FUH) (interaction) Index procedure increased severity of illness (Ref: none) | ||||||
| FUH with atrial isomerism (interaction) Yes | 0.68 (0.17 to 2.77) | 1.17 (0.15 to 9.39) | 0.47 (0.11 to 1.99) | |||
| DILV or DIRV (interaction) Yes | 1.07 (0.34 to 3.37) | 0.92 (0.16 to 5.35) | 1.18 (0.40 to 3.50) | |||
| Tricuspid atresia (interaction) Yes | 1.66 (0.57 to 4.82) | 3.08 (0.60 to 15.91) | 0.94 (0.37 to 2.62) | |||
| Mitral atresia (interaction) Yes | 0.53 (0.11 to 2.59) | 0.35 (0.02 to 6.30) | 0.67 (0.15 to 3.06) | |||
| Unbalanced AVSD (interaction) Yes | 4.39 (1.10 to 17.45)* | 12.04 (1.57 to 92.51)* | 2.13 (0.56 to 8.06) | |||
*P<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.
AVSD, atrioventricular septal defect; DILV, double inlet left ventricle; DIRV, double inlet right ventricle; FUH, functionally univentricular heart.