Table 2

Results in Student’s t-test for independent samples

	Training group			Control group			P value*
	First examination n=30, mean±SD	Second examination n=29, mean±SD	Change n=30, mean±SEM	First examination n=30, mean±SD	Second examination n=28, mean±SD	Change n=30, mean±SEM	P value*
Anthropometric data
Height (cm)	155.4±17.7	157.0±17.0	2.0±0.5	156.8±16.4	157.0±15.2	1.7±0.4	0.78
Weight (kg)	50.8±19.3	50.1±18.6	0.6±0.6	51.1±17.0	52.8±17.3	2.0±0.5	0.06
BMI	20.1±4.3	19.8±4.2	−0.1±0.2	20.2±4.2	20.6±4.4	0.5±0.2	*0.029*
Cardiopulmonary exercise test
Peak O₂ (mL/min/kg)	31.1±6.5	31.6±7.3	0.5±0.6	31.4±7.6	29.0±6.5	−2.3±0.9	*0.011*
Peak O₂ (%pred)	80.5±15.8	78.2±16.3	−1.1±1.7	79.2±16.0	76.3±18.3	−4.3±2.4	0.26
_E/ CO₂ (slope)	30.2±4.3	30.0±4.3	−0.2±0.5	29.6±3.6	30.0±4.5	0.2±0.5	0.44
Spirometry (control group, 3 without test)
FVC (L)	2.9±1.0	3.0±1.1	0.18±0.03	3.0±0.8	3.0±0.8	0.08±0.03	*0.036*
*FVC (z-score)**	−1.4±1.2	−1.2±1.5	0.2±0.1	−1.6±1.3	−1.5±1.3	−0.0±0.7	0.07
FEV₁ (L)	2.5±0.9	2.6±0.9	0.14±0.03	2.6±0.7	2.5±0.8	−0.00 ± 0.00.04	*0.007*
*FEV₁ (z-score)**	−1.4±1.2	−1.2±1.4	0.1±0.1	−1.6±1.4	−1.7±1.3	−0.2±0.1	*0.019*
FEV₁/FVC (%)	87.3±6.2	86.6±5.5	−0.8±1.0	86.7±5.9	83.5±6.6	−2.6±0.9	0.190
FEV₁/FVC (z-score)	0.1±1.1	−0.0±0.9	−0.1±0.2	−0.0±1.1	−0.5±1.0	−0.4±0.1	0.193
Breathing excursion
Difference maximum exhalation and inhalation (cm)	5.2±1.6	5.6±1.3	0.5±0.3	5.3±1.6	5.5±1.8	0.4±0.2	0.70

*According to GLI 2012 references.15
†Significant with p<0.05 in Student’s t-test for dependent samples with raw data
BMI, body mass index; cm, centimetre; V_E/ V CO₂, needed litres to exhale 1 L of carbon dioxide; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; kg, kilogram; L, litre; ml, millilitre; peak V O₂, peak oxygen uptake; %pred, percentage of the predicted value; ;SD, standard deviation; SEM, standard error of the mean.