Baseline characteristics of participants with new-onset overweight and their normal-weight controls
| Characteristics | Control (n=4742) | Case (n=4742) | P value |
| Age (years) | 48.6 (11.9) | 48.6 (11.9) | |
| Men (%) | 3222 (67.9) | 3222 (67.9) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.1 (1.6) | 26.1 (1.0) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 115.3 (10.9) | 118.0 (10.5) | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 5.3 (1.4) | 5.4 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 (1.4) | 5.0 (1.8) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.0 (0.7–1.4) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8) | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 92.8 (20.7) | 92.4 (21.6) | 0.411 |
| Parental history of hypertension (%) | 1045 (22.0) | 1029 (21.7) | 0.691 |
| Never smoking (%) | 2894 (62.0) | 2956 (63.4) | 0.172 |
| Never drinking (%) | 2932 (62.3) | 2908 (61.9) | 0.686 |
| Physical activity (%) | 724 (16.3) | 715 (16.1) | 0.828 |
| Education attainment (%) | 0.076 | ||
| Less than high school | 2322 (49.0) | 2400 (50.6) | |
| High school | 1378 (29.1) | 1279 (27.0) | |
| College or above | 1042 (22.0) | 1061 (22.4) |
Data are mean (SD) or median (IQR) or number (percentage).
Column counts may not total to the column total due to missing data, and column percentages may not total to 100% due to rounding error.
BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.