Demographic and clinical characteristics according to ECG patterns in 221 surface ECG readings from patients with amyloidosis
| 12-lead surface ECG | ||||
| No pattern n=39 (18%) | Pattern 1 n=140 (63%) | Pattern 2 n=42 (19%) | P value | |
| Age, years (IQR) | 77 (70–80) | 74 (68–79) | 80 (73–84) | 0.005 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 25 (83) | 76 (83) | 28 (78) | 0.837 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 (IQR) | 24 (23–28) | 25 (23–28) | 24 (23–26) | 0.346 |
| Diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis, n (%) | 0.012 | |||
| Transthyretin amyloidosis | 30 (77) | 95 (68) | 38 (91) | |
| Light-chain amyloidosis | 9 (23) | 45 (32) | 4 (10) | |
| NYHA functional class ≥II, n (%) | 28 (76) | 114 (89) | 36 (92) | 0.057 |
| 6 min walk distance, m (IQR) | 375 (318–437) | 440 (337–530) | 367 (290–446) | 0.157 |
| NT-proBNP, pg/mL (IQR) | 2261 (800–4076) | 3085 (1464–7173) | 3469 (1802–6036) | 0.134 |
| Mean pulmonary arterial pressure, mm Hg (IQR) | 27 (21–30) | 32 (26–38) | 33 (29–34) | 0.277 |
| Right atrial pressure, mm Hg (IQR) | 8 (6–16) | 11 (7–16) | 13 (10–18) | 0.329 |
| Pulmonary artery wedge pressure, mm Hg (IQR) | 16 (14–23) | 21 (17–28) | 19 (17–24) | 0.566 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, mm Hg (IQR) | 19 (16–19) | 22 (16–26) | 19 (19–20) | 0.107 |
| Left ventricular end-diastolic volume index, mL/m2 (IQR) | 84 (61–98) | 76 (60–87) | 83 (68–87) | 0.608 |
| Right ventricular end-diastolic volume index, mL/m2 (IQR) | 75 (65–96) | 76 (63–94) | 81 (79–99) | 0.658 |
| Interventricular septum, mm (IQR) | 20 (17–22) | 18 (16–20) | 21 (16–24) | 0.167 |
| Left ventricular ejection fraction, % (IQR) | 59 (47–65) | 56 (47–62) | 52 (38–61) | 0.318 |
| Right ventricular ejection fraction, % (IQR) | 50 (39–58) | 47 (38–59) | 49 (35–55) | 0.645 |
| MOLLI-ECV, % (IQR) | 50 (36–59) | 45 (40–54) | 45 (36–58) | 0.74 |
| Pleural effusion, n (%) | 8 (30) | 42 (40) | 13 (47) | 0.436 |
| Pericardial effusion, n (%) | 9 (33) | 51 (46) | 13 (45) | 0.510 |
| Left ventricular longitudinal peak systolic strain, % (IQR) | −12 (−17 to −9) | −12 (−15 to −9) | −11 (−15 to −8) | 0.518 |
| Apical sparing of longitudinal strain, n (%) | 28 (88) | 92 (89) | 23 (72) | 0.046 |
Values are given as median and IQR, or total number (n) and %.
Bold indicates p<0.05.
MOLLI-ECV, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery sequence derived extracellular volume; NT-proBNP, N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association.