Prognostic value of major electrocardiographic abnormalities
| OR (95% CI) | ||||
| Model 1 (unadjusted) | Model 2 (adjusted by gender and age) | Model 3 (adjusted by country of residence and cardiovascular risk factors*) | Model 4 (adjusted by comorbidities†) | |
| Any major ECG abnormality | ||||
| Death | 1.70 (1.37 to 2.18) | 1.42 (1.12 to 1.81) | 1.42 (1.11 to 1.81) | 1.39 (1.09 to 1.78) |
| CV event | 2.64 (1.94 to 3.56) | 2.26 (1.65 to 3.09) | 2.19 (1.60 to 3.00) | 1.81 (1.30 to 2.51) |
| ICU admission | 1.06 (0.87 to 1.30) | 1.00 (0.82 to 1.22) | 0.99 (0.80 to 1.21) | 1.01 (0.82 to 1.25) |
| AF | ||||
| Death | 0.80 (0.35 to 1.63) | 0.60 (0.26 to 1.27) | 0.76 (0.32 to 1.65) | 0.77 (0.32 to 1.69) |
| CV event | 2.54 (1.20 to 5.10) | 2.32 (1.08 to 4.80) | 2.57 (1.17 to 5.4.00) | 2.22 (0.99 to 4.76) |
| ICU admission | 1.04 (0.55 to 2.00) | 1.10 (0.56 to 2.00) | 1.41 (0.71 to 2.8) | 1.48 (0.74 to 3.00) |
| BBB | ||||
| Death | 1.44 (0.92 to 2.18) | 1.09 (0.69 to 1.67) | 1.12 (0.71 to 1.73) | 1.10 (0.69 to 1.70) |
| CV event | 1.67 (0.92 to 2.85) | 1.32 (0.72 to 2.27) | 1.30 (0.71 to 2.24) | 1.16 (0.62 to 2.02) |
| ICU admission | 1.03 (0.71 to 1.49) | 0.94 (0.65 to 1.36) | 0.97 (0.65 to 1.4) | 1.00 (0.68 to 1.47) |
| Ischaemic abnormalities | ||||
| Death | 1.56 (1.16 to 2.08) | 1.41 (1.04 to 1.89) | 1.31 (0.96 to 1.76) | 1.30 (0.95 to 1.75) |
| CV event | 1.76 (1.18 to 2.57) | 1.60 (1.07 to 2.34) | 1.51 (1.00 to 2.22) | 1.35 (0.89 to 2.00) |
| ICU admission | 1.07 (0.84 to 1.40) | 1.05 (0.81 to 1.34) | 0.97 (0.74 to 1.24) | 0.98 (0.75 to 1.26) |
| Prolonged QT | ||||
| Death | 1.46 (0.84 to 2.43) | 1.01 (0.63 to 1.06) | 1.18 (0.67 to 2.00) | 1.13 (0.64 to 1.92) |
| CV event | 2.62 (1.40 to 4.63) | 2.08 (1.09 to 3.72) | 2.09 (1.09 to 3.74) | 1.91 (0.99 to 3.47) |
| ICU admission | 1.17 (0.74 to 1.80) | 1.08 (0.68 to 1.70) | 1.19 (0.74 to 1.92) | 1.20 (0.74 to 1.93) |
| Heart rate >120 bpm | ||||
| Death | 3.95 (2.10 to 7.48) | 3.67 (1.90 to 7.07) | 3.88 (1.99 to 7.50) | 3.86 (1.97 to 7.48) |
| CV event | 3.04 (1.29 to 6.40) | 2.71 (1.14 to 5.78) | 2.75 (1.15 to 5.89) | 2.68 (1.10 to 5.85) |
| ICU admission | 1.93 (1.02 to 3.80) | 1.92 (1.01 to 3.77) | 2.04 (1.05 to 4.09) | 1.99 (1.03 to 4.00) |
*Diabetes, hypertension, tobacco use.
†Cardiovascular disease, asthma, cancer, immunosuppression and chronic kidney disease.
CV, cardiovascular; ICU, intensive care unit; AF, atrial fibrillation; BBB, bundle branch block.