Baseline* participant characteristics
| All n=471 227 | Whole UK Biobank | Matched cohort | |||
| COVID-19 n=18 564 | Non-COVID-19 n=452 663 | COVID-19 cases n=17 871 | Matched controls n=35 742 | ||
| Men, n (%) | 210 730 (44.7%) | 8743 (47.1%) | 201 987 (44.6%) | 8409 (47%) | 16 813 (47%) |
| Women, n (%) | 260 496 (55.3%) | 9821 (52.9%) | 250 675 (55.4%) | 9462 (53%) | 18 929 (53%) |
| Age on 1 March 2020, median (IQR) | 69 (62, 75) | 65 (58, 73) | 69 (62, 75) | 65 (58, 73) | 65 (58, 73) |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 26.7 (24.1, 29.9) | 27.6 (24.8, 30.9) | 26.7 (24.1, 29.8) | 27.5 (24.8, 30.9) | 27.4 (24.6, 30.9) |
| BAME | 25 875 (5.5%) | 1838 (10.0%) | 24 037 (5.3%) | 1752 (9.8%) | 3381 (9.5%) |
| Diabetes | 34 039 (7.2%) | 1920 (10.3%) | 32 119 (7.1%) | 1835 (10.3%) | 3683 (10.3%) |
| Prevalent IHD | 48 452 (10.3%) | 2275 (12.3%) | 46 177 (10.2%) | 2184 (12.2%) | 4398 (12.3%) |
| Prevalent AF | 26 633 (5.7%) | 1273 (6.9%) | 25 360 (5.6%) | 1420 (8.0%) | 1911 (5.4%) |
| Prevalent HF | 10 260 (2.2%) | 662 (3.6%) | 9598 (2.1%) | 808 (4.5%) | 856 (2.4%) |
| Current smoking | 46 994 (10.0%) | 2162 (11.7%) | 44 832 (9.9%) | 2096 (11.7%) | 4172 (11.7%) |
| Hypertension | 157 538 (33.4%) | 6502 (35.0%) | 151 036 (33.4%) | 6241 (34.9%) | 12 474 (34.9%) |
| High cholesterol | 83 595 (17.7%) | 3475 (18.7%) | 80 120 (17.7%) | 3336 (18.7%) | 6689 (18.7%) |
| Townsend score, median (IQR) | −2.17 (−3.66, 0.49) | −1.46 (−3.27, 1.63) | −2.19 (−3.67, 0.43) | −1.48 (−3.27, 1.61) | −1.50 (−3.32, 1.58) |
*Age, diabetes, prevalent IHD and hypertension in March 2020.
AF, atrial fibrillation; BAME, black Asian and minority ethnic; BMI, body mass index; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure; IHD, ischaemic heart disease.;