Long-term follow-up (>24–36 months) characteristics according to genotype of FOXO3A SNP rs12212067 in patient with non-viral cardiomyopathy
| Long term follow-up characteristics (>24–36 months) FOXO3A SNP rs12212067 in V- DCMi | |||||||||||
| Variable n = 88 | All patients | SNP carrier Mm n=16, 18.2% | No SNP MM n=72 81.8% | Effect size | P value | ||||||
| Mean | 95% CI | Mean | 95% CI |
| Mean | 95% CI | |||||
| Age (years) | 56.6 | 53.4 to 59.8 | 52.5 | 44.9 to 60.2 | 57.5 | 54.0 to 61.1 | 0.23 | ||||
| Δtime (months) | 66.2 | 58.5 to 74 | 59.5 | 42.3 to 76.7 | 67.8 | 59.0 to 76.5 | 0.433 | ||||
| Echocardiographic parameters | r | ||||||||||
| LVEF (%) | 48.2 | 44.9 to 51.5 | 55.1 | 48.4 to 61.8 | 46.7 | 42.9 to 50.4 | 0.41 | 0.03 | |||
| ΔLVEF (%) | 10.9 | 7.6 to 14.2 | 17.3 | 11.3 to 23.2 | 9.4 | 5.6 to 13.2 | 0.23 | 0.033 | |||
| LVEDD (mm) | 54.9 | 52.6 to 57.1 | 51.8 | 48.6 to 55.0 | 55.7 | 53.0 to 58.4 | 0.339 | ||||
| ΔLVEDD (mm) | −4.1 | (−6.4) to (−1.8) | −8.9 | (−12.3) to (−5.4) | −2.8 | (−5.6) to (−0.1) | 0.25 | 0.034 | |||
| LVEDV (mL) | 152.8 | 137.8 to 167.8 | 130.5 | 114.6 to 146.4 | 158.6 | 140.3 to 176.8 | 0.339 | ||||
| ΔLVEDV (mL) | −25.4 | (−41.3) to (−9.5) | −58.3 | (−82.7) to (−34.0) | −16.6 | (−35.2) to (−2.1) | 0.26 | 0.031 | |||
| LVEDVI (mL/m²) | 77.5 | 69.0 to 86.0 | 64.1 | 56.0 to 72.3 | 81.2 | 70.6 to 91.7 | 0.307 | ||||
| ΔLVEDVI (mL/m²) | −14.8 | (−23.8) to (−5.9) | −32 | (−43.6) to (−20.5) | −9.9 | (−20.7) to 0.8 | 0.26 | 0.038 | |||
| LA (mm) | 43.4 | 40.3 to 46.4 | 39.3 | 33.2 to 45.4 | 44.3 | 40.7 to 47.9 | 0.195 | ||||
| ΔLA (mm) | −2.7 | (−6.7) to 1.3 | −5.3 | (−11.6) to 0.9 | −1.9 | (−6.9) to 3.1 | 0.464 | ||||
| IVSd (mm) | 10.7 | 10.2 to 11.2 | 10.9 | 9.8 to 12.0 | 10.6 | 10.0 to 11.2 | 0.698 | ||||
| ΔIVSd (mm) | −0.7 | (−1.1) to (−0.2) | −0.6 | (−1.4) to 0.2 | −0.7 | (−1.2) to (−0.1) | 0.904 | ||||
| LVPWs (mm) | 10.2 | 9.8 to 10.6 | 10.5 | 9.5 to 11.4 | 10.1 | 9.6 to 10.6 | 0.453 | ||||
| ΔLVPWs (mm) | −0.3 | (−0.7) to 0.1 | 0.2 | (−0.9) to 1.3 | −0.4 | (−0.9) to 0.05 | 0.242 | ||||
| FS (%) | 27.8 | 22.4 to 33.1 | 33.3 | 7.5 to 59.1 | 26.4 | 21.0 to 31.8 | 0.293 | ||||
| ΔFS (%) | 8.2 | 1.8 to 14.6 | 4.3 | (−19.8) to 28.5 | 9.1 | 1.4 to 16.8 | 0.558 | ||||
| Clinical parameters | Φ | ||||||||||
| Dyspnoea (%) | 40 | 4 | 36 | 0.21 | 0.049 | ||||||
| NYHA class I (%) | 59 | 16 | 43 | 0.22 | 0.044 | ||||||
| NYHA class II (%) | 15 | 3 | 12 | 0.804 | |||||||
| NYHA class III (%) | 14 | 1 | 13 | 0.299 | |||||||
| NYHA class IV (%) | 12 | 0 | 12 | 0.099 | |||||||
| NYHA class I–IV total (n) | 83 | 16 | 67 | 0.25 | 0.026 | ||||||
| Angina pectoris (%) | 14 | 0 | 14 | 0.298 | |||||||
| CCS class 0 (%) | 86 | 12 | 74 | 0.298 | |||||||
| CCS class I (%) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0.712 | |||||||
| CCS class II (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| CCS class III (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| CCS class IV (%) | 12 | 0 | 12 | 0.341 | |||||||
| CCS class 0–IV (n) | 51 | 6 | 45 | 0.326 | |||||||
| RR sys (mm Hg) | 126.9 | 121.4 o 132.5 | 131.8 | 117.4 to 146.2 | 125.9 | 119.7 to 132.1 | 0.577 | ||||
| RR dia (mm Hg) | 73.5 | 69.9 to 77.2 | 75.7 | 67.8 to 86.6 | 73.1 | 68.9 to 77.3 | 0.546 | ||||
| Pulse (n/min) | 75.7 | 72.0 to 79.3 | 79.9 | 73.0 to 86.7 | 74.6 | 70.4 to 78.9 | 0.128 | ||||
| Inflammatory markers in blood | r | ||||||||||
| Leucocytes (cells/μL) | 7.4 | 6.7 to 8.1 | 7.1 | 5.5 to 8.6 | 7.5 | 6.7 to 8.3 | 0.968 | ||||
| Δ Leucocytes (cells/μL)) | −0.4 | (−1.2) to 0.3 | −1.7 | (−3.0) to (−0.5) | −0.1 | (−1.0) to 0.8 | 0.48 | 0.035 | |||
| CRP (mg/dL) | 2.1 | 1.2 to 3.0 | 0.2 | 0.07 to 0.3 | 2.5 | 1.4 to 3.5 | 0.44 | 0.005 | |||
| ΔCRP (mg/dL) | 0.3 | (−1.3) to 1.9 | −1.6 | (−3.8) to 0.5 | 0.6 | (−1.2) to 2.4 | 0.38 | 0.043 | |||
| Hospitalisation rate (n) | 1.7 | 1.5 to 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.0 to 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 to 2.0 | 0.14 | 0.035 | |||
Data are expressed as mean with 95% CI; effect size when p≤0.05.
CCS, Canadian Cardiovascular Society; CRP, C-reactive protein; DCMi, dilated inflammatory cardiomyopathy; FS, fractional shortening; IVSd, intraventricular septum diameter (diastole); LA, left atrium; LVEDD, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVEDV, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter volume; LVEDVI, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter volume index; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVPWs, left ventricular posterior wall (systole); MM, major; Mm, heterozygote; NYHA, New York Heart Association; RR, blood pressure; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; V- DCMi, patients with non-viral cardiomyopathy; Δ, difference between the individual values in the time interval T2 - T0.