Characteristics and in-hospital treatment
| Adjudicated diagnosis | Type 2 MI | P value | Myocardial injury | P value | ||
| Clinical MI diagnosis | Yes | No | Yes | No | ||
| Total number of patients | 138 | 37 | 86 | 185 | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 77.8 (10.7) | 70.2 (13.6) | <0.01 | 78.5 (11.7) | 76.0 (14.1) | 0.15 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 69 (50.0) | 17 (45.9) | 0.66 | 53 (61.6) | 98 (53.0) | 0.18 |
| Active smoking, n (%)* | 14 (10.1) | 9 (24.3) | 0.11 | 8 (9.3) | 20 (10.8) | 0.54 |
| Medical history, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 79 (57.2) | 24 (64.9) | 0.40 | 49 (57.0) | 109 (58.9) | 0.76 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 25 (18.1) | 1 (2.7) | 0.02 | 21 (24.4) | 21 (11.4) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 36 (26.1) | 7 (18.9) | 0.37 | 19 (22.1) | 43 (23.2) | 0.83 |
| Myocardial infarction | 57 (41.3) | 13 (35.1) | 0.50 | 36 (41.9) | 48 (25.9) | <0.01 |
| Heart failure | 33 (23.9) | 7 (18.9) | 0.52 | 27 (31.4) | 49 (26.5) | 0.42 |
| COPD | 22 (15.9) | 2 (5.4) | 0.10 | 10 (11.6) | 17 (9.2) | 0.53 |
| Clinical findings, median (IQR) | ||||||
| Chest pain, n (%) | 85 (61.6) | 6 (16.2) | <0.01 | 36 (41.9) | 24 (13.0) | <0.01 |
| Oxygen saturation* | 95 (6) | 94.5 (6) | 0.52 | 95 (5) | 96 (4) | 0.02 |
| Systolic blood pressure | 147 (60) | 135 (68) | 0.09 | 145 (39) | 140 (40) | 0.34 |
| Heart rate | 94 (41) | 80 (33) | 0.01 | 86 (35) | 80 (30) | 0.81 |
| Reaction Level Scale >1, n (%)† | 4 (3.3) | 2 (5.4) | 0.56 | 7 (8.1) | 18 (9.7) | 0.99 |
| Laboratory results, median (IQR) | ||||||
| cTn max value, std | 25.0 (106.0) | 9.6 (47.2) | <0.01 | 8.0 (39.7) | 4.5 (12.8) | <0.01 |
| cTn dynamic >20%, n (%) | 127 (95.5) | 35 (94.6) | 0.82 | 55 (71.4) | 143 (77.3) | 0.31 |
| CRP max value | 16 (60) | 101 (214) | <0.01 | 36 (110) | 55 (148) | 0.21 |
| Haemoglobin at admission | 126 (32) | 138 (28) | <0.01 | 131 (21) | 132 (27) | 0.93 |
| Creatinine at admission | 92 (47) | 89 (49) | 0.24 | 102 (65) | 93 (54) | 0.20 |
| In hospital care, n (%) | ||||||
| Echocardiography | 66 (47.8) | 12 (32.4) | 0.09 | 38 (44.2) | 33 (17.8) | <0.01 |
| Coronary angiography | 54 (39.1) | 2 (5.4) | <0.01 | 24 (27.9) | 3 (1.6) | <0.01 |
| Significant stenosis >50% | 36 (66.7) | 1 (50.0) | 9 (37.5) | 1 (33.0) | ||
| PCI | 19 (13.8) | 1 (0.3) | 0.06 | 10 (11.6) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 |
| Fondaparinux SC | 62 (44.9) | 1 (2.7) | <0.01 | 32 (37.2) | 5 (2.7) | <0.01 |
| Antibiotics IV or PO | 47 (34.1) | 25 (67.6) | <0.01 | 32 (37.2) | 94 (50.8) | 0.04 |
| Invasive/non-invasive ventilation | 13 (9.4) | 10 (27.0) | <0.01 | 9 (10.5) | 22 (11.9) | 0.73 |
P values for adjudicated type 2 MI and myocardial injury patients with vs without a clinical MI diagnosis.
*18% missing data
†7% missing data
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CRP, C reactive protein; cTn, cardiac troponin; MI, myocardial infarction; n, number; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; PO, per oral; SC, subcutaneous; std, standardised value (multiplies of the 99th percentile URL regardless of assay).