Table 2

Cox regression analysis, depicted per 1 SD of strain measure, unadjusted and adjusted for CVRF, LVEF, TAPSE and LAVI

HR (95% CI)P value
Unadjusted
 LV-GLS1.72 (1.42 to 2.09)<0.001
 RV-GLS1.49 (1.25 to 1.78)<0.001
 LA reservoir strain0.52 (0.43 to 0.62)<0.001
Adjusted for CVRF*
 LV-GLS1.68 (1.37 to 2.06)<0.001
 RV-GLS1.39 (1.16 to 1.67)<0.001
 LA reservoir strain0.57 (0.47 to 0.69)<0.001
A djusted for CVRF* and LVEF, TAPSE or LAVI
 LV-GLS1.41 (1.06 to 1.89)0.02
 RV-GLS1.48 (1.03 to 2.13)0.04
 LA reservoir strain0.61 (0.49 to 0.76)<0.001
  • *Adjustment for CVRF is defined as age, sex, systolic blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, smoking status, diabetes and family history of premature cardiovascular disease.

  • CVRF, cardiovascular risk factors; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LA, left atrium; LAVI, left atrial volume index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; RV, right ventricle; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.