Cohort characteristics by cardiomyopathy phase
| N | Whole cohort | Cardiomyopathy phase | P value | ||||
| Phase I | Phase II | Phase III | Phase IV | ||||
| Biochemistry (continued) | |||||||
| Low-density lipoprotein (mmol/L) | 33 | 2.3±0.9 | 2.2±0.4 | 1.8±0.7 | 3.0±1.3 | 2.3±0.7 | 0.650 |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | 42 | 140±12 | 135±7 | 135±13 | 138±11 | 148±12 | 0.005 |
| C reactive protein (% >3 mg/L)* | 36 | 4 (11%) | 1 (17%) | 1 (9%) | 1 (13%) | 1 (9%) | 0.869 |
| White cell count (g/dL) | 42 | 6.6 (5.4–8.2) | 7.7 (6.2–8.3) | 5.7 (4.6–6.4) | 6.6 (5.8–7.1) | 7.6 (6.0–8.8) | 0.245 |
| Neutrophil count (×109/L) | 42 | 4.1 (3.1–5.5) | 4.8 (3.8–5.4) | 3.2 (2.6–4.1) | 3.8 (2.9–5.1) | 5.0 (3.6–6.2) | 0.404 |
| Lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 42 | 1.7±0.6 | 2.0±0.5 | 1.6±0.4 | 1.8±0.6 | 1.7±0.6 | 0.504 |
| Neutrophil-Lymphocyte ratio | 42 | 2.1 (1.7–3.1) | 2.1 (1.7–3.2) | 1.9 (1.7–2.4) | 2.1 (1.9–2.9) | 2.6 (2.1–4.7) | 0.134 |
| Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging parameters | |||||||
| LV EDVi (mL/m2) | 37 | 61±14 | 61±10 | 64±13 | 59±13 | 60±18 | 0.568 |
| LV ESVi (mL/m2) | 37 | 16 (12–22) | 20 (12–23) | 16 (12–22) | 17 (9–26) | 14 (10–20) | 0.462 |
| LV SVi (mL/m2) | 36 | 44±9 | 43±8 | 48±7 | 40±7 | 43±13 | 0.403 |
| LV Mi (g/m2) | 37 | 77 (62–132) | 55 (48–61) | 67 (63–79) | 81 (69–145) | 137 (127–156) | <0.001 |
| LV EF (%) | 37 | 73±7 | 71±7 | 75±6 | 72±10 | 74±6 | 0.470 |
| RV EDVi (mL/m2) | 36 | 64±16 | 69±11 | 67±9 | 53±12 | 63±24 | 0.059 |
| RV ESVi (mL/m2) | 36 | 21 (17–27) | 24 (19–31) | 21 (20–24) | 17 (13–18) | 19 (12–38) | 0.143 |
| RV SVi (mL/m2) | 35 | 41 (33–46) | 42 (41–46) | 45 (36–49) | 35 (29–43) | 33 (28–52) | 0.113 |
| RV EF (%) | 36 | 66±9 | 62±9 | 66±6 | 71±4 | 64±12 | 0.164 |
| LA volume (mL) | 36 | 54 (35–64) | 48 (35–57) | 41 (24–65) | 32 (28–57) | 59 (54–97) | 0.030 |
| Lowest T1 (ms) | 33 | 871±75 | 955±44 | 847±79 | 822±65 | 864±48 | 0.019 |
| Transthoracic echocardiography parameters | |||||||
| TR velocity (cm/s) | 19 | 219 (194–247) | 218 (204–220) | 201 (194–219) | 204 (192–253) | 248 (232–282) | 0.145 |
| LA EDV (mL) | 37 | 27 (17–49) | 27 (26–29) | 17 (13–22) | 45 (29–51) | 56 (24–69) | 0.011 |
| LA ESV (mL) | 37 | 56 (34–81) | 52 (34–72) | 35 (27–44) | 78 (51–91) | 80 (47–123) | 0.019 |
| LA GCS (%) | 37 | 26 (9–40) | 28 (25–48) | 22 (9–50) | 21 (7–34) | 17 (8–37) | 0.438 |
| LA GLS (%) | 37 | 24 (13–33) | 32 (17–36) | 31 (21–40) | 20 (11–29) | 15 (6–24) | 0.027 |
| LA EF (%) | 37 | 46 (23–61) | 56 (33–62) | 51 (26–68) | 40 (21–56) | 41 (22–52) | 0.153 |
| LA FAC (%) | 37 | 35 (18–44) | 43 (19–48) | 40 (20–51) | 29 (15–43) | 28 (14–36) | 0.131 |
Data are reported as ‘N (%)’, ‘mean±SD’ or as ‘median (IQR)’, as applicable, with p values from Jonckheere-Terpstra tests. Bold p values are significant at p<0.05.
*Since most patients had values reported as ‘≤3mg/L’, the proportion of patients with values >3mg/L are reported to more clearly show the differences between groups; the p value is from a Jonckheere-Terpstra test on the ungrouped data.
EDVi, end-diastolic volume (indexed); EF, ejection fraction; ESVi, end-systolic volume (indexed); FAC, fractional area change; GCS, global circumferential strain; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LA, left atrial; LV, left ventricular; Mi, mass indexed; RV, right ventricular; SVi, stroke volume indexed; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.