Age-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of having SAVR or TAVI in different time periods, by sex (compared with male), ethnicity (compared with the white population) and SES (compared with IMD-1)
| Sex | SAVR | TAVI | ||
| IRR | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI | |
| 2000–2004 | ||||
| Female | 0.565 | 0.531, 0.602 | – | – |
| 2015–2019 | ||||
| Female | 0.451 | 0.430, 0.474 | 0.542 | 0.504, 0.582 |
| 2020–2023 | ||||
| Female | 0.389 | 0.365, 0.416 | 0.484 | 0.458, 0.512 |
| Ethnicity | IRR | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI |
| 2000–2004 | ||||
| Asian or Asian British | 0.457 | 0.357, 0.584 | – | – |
| Black or black British | 0.328 | 0.218, 0.494 | – | – |
| Mixed or multiple ethnic groups | 0.478 | 0.249, 0.920 | – | – |
| 2015–2019 | ||||
| Asian or Asian British | 0.814 | 0.703, 0.942 | 1.431 | 1.152, 1.779 |
| Black or black British | 0.461 | 0.352, 0.604 | 0.893 | 0.620, 1.286 |
| Mixed or multiple ethnic groups | 0.703 | 0.475, 1.040 | 0.900 | 0.475, 1.708 |
| 2020–2023 | ||||
| Asian or Asian British | 0.866 | 0.723, 1.037 | 1.258 | 1.063, 1.488 |
| Black or black British | 0.425 | 0.297, 0.608 | 0.732 | 0.545, 0.984 |
| Mixed or multiple ethnic groups | 0.707 | 0.429, 1.165 | 1.078 | 0.695, 1.673 |
| Deprivation | IRR | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI |
| 2000–2004 | ||||
| 2 | 0.994 | 0.896, 1.103 | – | – |
| 3 | 1.017 | 0.920, 1.124 | – | – |
| 4 | 0.961 | 0.869, 1.061 | – | – |
| 5 | 0.878 | 0.793, 0.972 | – | – |
| 2015–2019 | ||||
| 2 | 1.111 | 1.024, 1.206 | 1.153 | 1.013, 1.313 |
| 3 | 1.166 | 1.078, 1.262 | 1.210 | 1.068, 1.370 |
| 4 | 1.147 | 1.060, 1.240 | 1.252 | 1.107, 1.416 |
| 5 | 1.119 | 1.035, 1.211 | 1.356 | 1.201, 1.531 |
| 2020–2023 | ||||
| 2 | 1.062 | 0.956, 1.179 | 1.167 | 1.054, 1.292 |
| 3 | 1.079 | 0.975, 1.194 | 1.329 | 1.206, 1.464 |
| 4 | 1.083 | 0.980, 1.197 | 1.385 | 1.259, 1.523 |
| 5 | 1.026 | 0.927, 1.135 | 1.487 | 1.353, 1.633 |
IMD, Indices of Multiple Deprivation; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; SES, socioeconomic status; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation.