Patient characteristics
| Variables | Patients with FH (n=101) | Patients with NACP (n=126) | p Value |
| Male gender | 62 (61%) | 80 (63%) | 0.78 |
| Age (years) | 53 (7) | 56 (7) | 0.01 |
| Risk factors | |||
| Smoker† | 22 (22%) | 41 (33%) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes§ | 4 (4%) | 19 (15%) | <0.01 |
| Hypertension‡ | 25 (25%) | 60 (48%) | <0.01 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 101 (100%) | 72 (57%) | <0.001 |
| Positive family history | 69 (68%) | 58 (46%) | 0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26 (5) | 25 (9) | 0.22 |
| Lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.4 (1.2) | 5.0 (1.9) | 0.09 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.5 (1.1) | 3.5 (1.1) | 0.69 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 0.09 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 1.4 (1.2) | 1.6 (1.0) | 0.10 |
| Lipid-related characteristics | |||
| Maximum untreated total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 10.2 (2.3) | 6.9 (2.0)¶ | <0.001 |
| Known LDL mutation | 78 (77%) | ||
| Xanthomas | 24 (24%) | ||
| Arcus lipoides | 27 (27%) | ||
| Duration of statin treatment (years) | 10 (8) | 3 (4)¶ | <0.001 |
| Age at start of statin treatment (years) | 42 (10) | 53 (9)¶ | <0.001 |
| Intense statin treatment | 69 (68%) | 4 (8%)¶ | <0.001 |
| Dose-limiting side effects | 31 (31%) | 3 (6%)¶ | <0.001 |
| Concomitant ezetimibe treatment | 60 (59%) | 5 (10%)¶ | <0.001 |
| Calcium score | |||
| Total calcium score* (Agatston) | 87 (5–367) | 7.3 (0–125) | <0.001 |
| 0 | 20 (20%) | 49 (39%) | |
| 0–100 | 33 (33%) | 42 (33%) | |
| >100–400 | 24 (24%) | 20 (16%) | |
| >400 | 24 (24%) | 15 (12%) | 0.004 |
Continuous data are expressed as mean (SD) and dichotomous data as n (%).
↵* The calcium score is expressed as median (IQR).
↵† Currently and/or in the past.
↵‡ Blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg or treatment for hypertension.
↵§ Treatment with oral anti-diabetic medicine or insulin.
↵¶ n=48, patients with NCAP treated with statins.
FH, familial hypercholesterolaemia; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NACP, non-anginal chest pain.