Respiratory muscle strength, skeletal muscle strength, aerobic capacity and lung volumes
| Control group (n=10) | CHD group (n=41) | p Value | |
| Respiratory muscle strength | |||
| Inspiratory (diaphragmatic) muscle strength | |||
| MIP (cm H2O) | 102±32 | 75±26 | 0.007 |
| MIP (% predicted) | 106±28 | 77±27 | 0.003 |
| MIP <70% predicted (%) | 1 (10) | 15 (37) | 0.1 |
| MIP 10 min after exercise (% predicted) | 101±30 | 76±29 | 0.02 |
| MIP 10 min after exercise <70% predicted (%) | 2 (20) | 19 (46) | 0.12 |
| Expiratory muscle strength | |||
| MEP (cm H2O) | 141±60 | 106±36 | 0.02 |
| MEP (% predicted) | 116±41 | 85±32 | 0.01 |
| MEP <70% predicted (%) | 1 (10) | 12 (29) | 0.20 |
| MEP 10 min after exercise (% predicted) | 108±34 | 80±32 | 0.02 |
| MEP 10 min after exercise <70% predicted (%) | 1 (10) | 14 (34) | 0.23 |
| Global respiratory muscle weakness | |||
| MIP and MEP <70% predicted (%) | 0 | 9 (22) | 0.11 |
| MIP and MEP 10 min after exercise <70% predicted (%) | 1 (10) | 11 (27) | 0.25 |
| Peripheral skeletal muscle strength | |||
| Handgrip strength (kg) | 40±13 | 32±9 | 0.02 |
| Handgrip strength (% predicted) | 93±14 | 72±15 | <0.0001 |
| Handgrip strength <70% predicted (%) | 0 | 16 (39) | 0.01 |
| Global muscle weakness | |||
| MIP, MEP and handgrip strength <70% predicted (%) | 0 | 5 (12) | 0.32 |
MEP, maximal expiratory pressure; MIP, maximal inspiratory pressure.