Characteristics of study population and risk factors for coronary heart disease
| Means | Cases (mean (SD)) | Controls (mean (SD)) | p Value (t test) |
| Age at phase II (years) | 58.1 (4.3) | 58.1 (4.3) | 0.8 |
| Blood pressure | |||
| SBP (mm Hg) | 154.2 (25.3) | 146.4 (22.3) | < 0.0001 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 87.4 (14.5) | 84.5 (11.9) | 0.0002 |
| Blood lipids | |||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 6.9 (1.1) | 5.6 (1.0) | < 0.0001 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.0003 |
| Triglycerides1-150 (mmol/l) | 1.9 (1.6) | 1.7 (1.5) | < 0.0001 |
| Clotting factors | |||
| Fibrinogen (g/l) | 4.2 (0.94) | 4.0 (0.9) | 0.001 |
| Dietary factors | |||
| Folate (μg/day) | 271.5 (82.1) | 278.3 (75.9) | 0.2 |
| Vitamin B-121-150 (μg/day) | 6.7 (1.9) | 6.7 (1.9) | 0.8 |
| Vitamin B-6 (mg/day) | 1.1 (0.5) | 1.2 (0.5) | 0.002 |
| Alcohol1-150 (ml/day) | 40.0 (6.7) | 58.8 (5.5) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.3 (3.5) | 25.9 (3.7) | 0.2 |
| Creatinine (μmol/l) | 102.1 (20.2) | 99.3 (14.6) | 0.005 |
| Percentages | % (SE) | % (SE) | z test |
| Diabetes | 5.8 (1.3) | 3.4 (0.5) | 0.05 |
| Hypertension | 61.5 (2.8) | 42.9 (1.4) | < 0.0001 |
| Angina | 22.4 (2.4) | 10.7 (0.9) | < 0.0001 |
| ECG ischaemia | 29.8 (2.6) | 14.6 (0.9) | < 0.0001 |
| Smoking | |||
| Ever | 87.4 (1.9) | 82.3 (1.1) | 0.03 |
| Ex- | 34.2 (2.7) | 39.9 (1.4) | 0.06 |
| Current | 53.2 (2.8) | 42.4 (1.4) | < 0.001 |
| 1–14 cigarettes/day | 20.3 (2.3) | 16.1 (1.0) | 0.09 |
| 15–24 cigarettes/day | 13.5 (1.9) | 11.9 (0.9) | 0.4 |
| > 25 cigarettes/day | 8.7 (1.6) | 6.2 (0.7) | 0.2 |
| Manual social class | 70.8 (2.6) | 67.1 (1.3) | 0.2 |
↵1-150 Geometric mean.
BMI, body mass index; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HDL, high density lipoprotein; SBP, systolic blood pressure.