Table 1

Lead extraction details

Patient	Age	Indication	System	Extracted	Tech	Anaesth	Rem	Drag	Proc	Fluoro
Patients with venous occlusion of the ipsilateral veins. Indication: Pain, painful pacemaker; Failure, lead failure and the patient is young (≤ 60 years); Advisory, an advisory lead and the patient has requested lead extraction; ICD, patient required upgrading of pacemaker to ICD or replacement of a failed defibrillator lead. System: the system in situ requiring extraction; DDD, dual chamber; VVI and AAI, single chamber. Extracted: the number of each type of leads extracted. Tech:* the system used to perform lead extraction; S, needle eye snare; B, Byrd femoral workstation. Anaesth: LA, local; GA, general anaesthetic. Rem: indicates whether any lead fragments were retained; N, none; distal, < 2 cm of distal lead was retained. Drag: how many leads were replaced by the drag through technique; / number of leads dragged through/number requiring extraction. Proc and Fluoro: procedure and fluoroscopy time (mins) including time for new implants.
1	50	Failure	VVI	V	B	LA	N	1/1	280	45.5
2	51	Pain	DDD	Vx2,Ax1	S	LA	N	2/2	130	104
3	63	Advisory	DDD	V	S	LA	N	1/1	135	35
4	63	Failure	DDD	A,V	S	LA	N	2/2	175	20
5*	41	Failure	AAI	Ax1	S	LA	N	1/1	300	58.8
6	72	Advisory	DDD	Vx2,Ax1	S	LA	N	2/2	110	58.8
7	73	ICD	VVI	V	S	GA	N	1/1	140	20
8	60	Failure	DDD	A,V	S	LA	Distal	2/2	150	34.2
9*	54	Failure	DDD	A,V	B	LA	N	2/2	90	10
10	54	Failure	VVI	V	S	LA	N	1/1	150	7.6
11*	67	Failure	DDD	V	B	LA	N	2/2	240	58.2
12*	58	ICD	DDD	V	B	GA	N	1/1	60	12
13	52	Failed ICD	ICD	ICD	B	LA	N	1/1	100	28.4
14	53	Failed ICD	ICD	ICD	B	LA	Distal	1/1	120	75
Mean	57.9								155.7	40.5
SD	9.0								70.8	27.9