Potential inhibitors and signalling pathways of cardiomyocyte apoptosis
| Stimulus | Signalling pathway | Potential inhibitor |
|---|---|---|
| ERK, extracellular signal related kinase; IAP, inhibitor of apoptosis protein; SAPK, stress activated protein kinase. | ||
| Ischaemia/reperfusion | ERK/SAPK | Activation of ERK, inhibition of SAPK signalling |
| Pressure overload | ERK/SAPK | |
| Neurohormonal factors (e.g. catecholamines) | G protein coupling | β Blockers |
| Ischaemia | Lack of growth factor signalling | Activation of Akt/ERK pathways (for example, by IGF-1) |
| Death receptor ligands | Adapter molecules/caspases | Decoy receptors/receptor antagonists IAPs/caspase inhibitors |