Efficacy and safety of extended-release isosorbide mononitrate for stable effort angina pectoris

Abstract

The efficacy and safety of extended-release isosorbide mononitrate tablets were evaluated in patients with stable effort angina. In a double-Mind study, 313 patients with stable effort-induced angina were randomized to receive placebo or extended-release isosorbide mononitrate: 30, 60, 120 or 240 mg once daily in the morning. Serial exercise testing was performed using the standard Bruce treadmill protocol on days 1, 7, 14, 28 and 42 immediately before morning drug administration, and 4 and 12 hours after administration. After initial dosing, all groups that received extended-release isosorbide mononitrate had significant (p < 0.01) increases in mean total exercise time of approximately 30 to 50 seconds in relation to placebo 4 and 12 hours after administration. On day 42, mean changes from baseline in total exercise time of patients who received 120 or 240 mg of extended-release isosorbide mononitrate exceeded placebo by approximately 50 to 60 seconds 4 hours after dosing (p < 0.01), and by 30 to 35 seconds 12 hours after dosing (p ≤ 0.05). No significant difference was detected between responses to extended-release isosorbide mononitrate and placebo 24 hours after administration (i.e., immediately before the next dose). Thus, there was neither significant activity nor demonstrable rebound of effort-induced angina (zero-hour effect) at the end of the dosing interval. Transient headache was the most prevalent adverse experience. Extended-release isosorbide mononttrate (120 and 240 mg administered orally once daily) significantly prolonged exercise time to development of moderate effort-induced angina 4 and 12 hours after dosing during long-term therapy, without development of nitrate tolerance. The drug was well tolerated, and no zero-hour rebound of effort-induced angina was observed.