Research articleEstrogens inhibit copper and cell-mediated modification of low density lipoprotein
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Novel structural features increase the antioxidant effect of estrogen analogues on low density lipoprotein
2015, Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCitation Excerpt :Rapid, nongenomic effects may take place through binding of 17β-E2 to cellular membrane receptors (G protein-coupled receptor), and subsequently, lead to for example activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and increased production of nitric oxide [7]. At higher concentrations as studied in assays in vitro, estrogens inhibit lipoprotein peroxidation [8–10] and act as direct antioxidants by scavenging free radicals [4,11]. Other possible mechanisms include reduction or chelation of redox-active metal ions [12].
The orientation and dynamics of estradiol and estradiol oleate in lipid membranes and HDL disc models
2014, Biophysical JournalCitation Excerpt :Estrogens also affect biosynthesis of high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) and elevate the plasma level of these proteins while reducing those of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) (4). In addition, HDL has inherent antioxidative properties, which attenuate lipoprotein oxidation, and HDL-associated estrogens may play a role in this function (5–7). Oxidation of LDL and accumulation of LDL in the subendothelial intimal space of arteries are crucial steps in the progression of atherosclerosis (8,9).
Antioxidant Protection of Low-Density Lipoprotein and Its Role in the Prevention of Atherosclerotic Vascular Disease
2012, Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and DiseaseAntioxydant activity of β-carboline derivatives in the LDL oxidation model
2011, European Journal of Medicinal ChemistryEffects of pinealectomy and melatonin supplementation on endometrial explants in a rat model
2010, European Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive BiologyCitation Excerpt :It was shown that estrogens increase lecithin and arachidonic acid and decrease the lysolecithin content of phospholipids [31]. It has been demonstrated that estradiol, estriol and estrone effectively inhibit copper and cell-mediated oxidation of LDL [32] and lipid peroxidation as measured by malondialdehyde formation. In addition, gestrinone, a progestagen with antiestrogen properties, effectively antagonizes the effects of low and high doses of estrogen on rat peritoneal endometrial implants [33].