Left ventricular afterload and aortic input impedance: Implications of pulsatile blood flow☆
References (52)
- et al.
Effects of changes in preload, afterload and intropic state on ejection and isovolumic phase measures of contractility in the conscious dog
Am J Cardiol
(1975) Ventricular afterload: A succinct yet comprehensive definition
Am Heart J
(1978)Blood pressure and cardiac performance
Am J Med
(1973)Afterload reduction and cardiac performance
Am J Med
(1978)Force-velocity relations in mammalian heart muscle
Am J Physiol
(1962)Implications of muscle mechanics in the heart
- et al.
Afterload as a primary determinant of ventricular performance
Am J Physiol
(1963) - et al.
Comparison of directly measured left ventricular wall stress, and stress calculated from geometric reference figures
Circ Res
(1971) - et al.
Contractile state of the left ventricle in man: Instantaneous tension-velocity length relations in patients with and without diseases of the left ventricular myocardium
Circ Res
(1968) Arterial impedance as ventricular afterload
Circ Res
(1975)
Loading and performance of the heart as muscle and pump
Cardiovasc Res
(1977)
Hydraulic input impedance to aorta and pulmonary artery in dogs
J Appl Physiol
(1963)
The heat of shortening and the dynamic constants of muscle
Blood Flow in Arteris
Analysis of the ventricular pumping capacity as a function of input and output pressure loads
Pressure and flow generated by the left ventricle against different impedances
Circ Res
(1973)
How to quantify pump function of the heart
Circ Res
(1979)
Influence of acute changes in preload, afterload, contractile state and heart rate on ejection and isovolumic indices of myocardial contractility in man
Circulation
(1976)
Steady and pulsatile energy losses in the systemic circulation under normal conditions and in simulated arterial disease
Cardiovasc Res
(1967)
Parameter estimates of a left ventricular model during ejection
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng
(1973)
The pumping ability of the left heart and the effect of coronary occlusion
Circ Res
(1976)
Left ventricular load, arterial impedance and their interrelationship
Cardiovasc Res
(1979)
Determinants of stroke volume in the isolated canine heart
J Appl Physiol
(1974)
Mechanical properties of the ventricle during systole
Relations between afterload, stroke volume, and descending limb of Starling's curve
Am J Physiol
(1974)
Vasodilator therapy in heart failure. The influence of impedance on left ventricle performance
Circulation
(1973)
Cited by (46)
Introduction to cardiac anatomy and physiology
2011, Cardiology of the HorseSystemic circulation
2010, Paediatric CardiologyIntroduction to cardiac anatomy and physiology
2010, Cardiology of the HorseSystemic Circulation
2009, Paediatric CardiologyCentral arterial aging and the epidemic of systolic hypertension and atherosclerosis
2007, Journal of the American Society of HypertensionCitation Excerpt :In other words, the LV load is affected not only by aortic distensibility and arteriolar caliber but also by reflected waves from arterial reflecting sites. Changes in these components individually or in any combination affect ventricular ejection and function.43–46 Properties intrinsic to the aorta permit the characteristic aortic impedance to be least over a range of frequencies (−3 to 7 Hz) (Figure 6A) in which the energy of the flow wave is greatest, and this favorable matching permits pulsatile ejection of blood to occur at a minimal energy expenditure, eg, only −10% of total ventricular work.28
- ☆
Supported in part by a grant from the Veterans Administration Central Office.
Copyright © 1982 Published by Elsevier Inc.