Experimental treatment protocols for scorpion envenomation: A review of common therapies and an effect of kallikrein-kinin inhibitors
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Toxic Brain Edema and Brain Death After Scorpion Envenomation
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2013, Wilderness and Environmental MedicineCitation Excerpt :That is unlikely because respiration, heart rhythm, blood pressure, and blood tests, including blood gases, were all normal or nearly normal (except for leukocytosis, a common feature in scorpion envenomation) upon arrival at the ED and in the PICU. In conclusion, we assume that this boy had an unusually severe brain insult either due to direct CNS toxicity (penetration of the toxins through the blood-brain barrier, affecting the CNS neurons) as suggested by Ismail et al,12 or due to an unusual secondary effect of neurotransmitters and proinflammatory cytokines on blood vessels that caused brain ischemia and cytolytic brain edema. Because this devastating complication is very rare, we cannot comment on possible preventable effects of specific scorpion antivenom given to victims upon arrival at the clinic.