Original investigation: pathogenesis and treatment of kidney disease and hypertensionA population-based study of the incidence and outcomes of diagnosed chronic kidney disease
Section snippets
Methods
The study aims to ascertain all new cases of detected CKD in Southampton and South-West Hampshire (S&SWH) Health Authority (HA) presenting between July 1, 1992, and June 30, 1994. This is a mixed urban rural area with average health experience and age distribution and a less than average proportion of ethnic minorities. A case is defined as a patient with a new SCr level greater than 1.7 mg/dL (>150 μmol/L) found in this period that remained greater than this level for 6 months or more. SCr is
Incidence
There were 4,228 cases of kidney disease (SCr ≥ 1.7 mg/dL [≥150 μmol/L]) identified in residents of S&SWH HA during the study period. On the basis of SCr pattern, 1,076 cases had chronic disease, 1,324 cases had acute disease, and 1,828 had an unknown type. Forty-one cases (4%) had a persistent SCr level of 5.7 mg/dL or greater (≥504 μmol/L), and 113 cases (10%) had a persistent SCr level of 3.4 mg/dL or greater (≥301 μmol/L).
The incidence of CKD, adjusted for presumed CKD in the unknown group,
Discussion
This study provides an estimate of the incidence rate of detected (or diagnosed) CKD in routine clinical practice from a defined population; age, sex and socioeconomic determinants, and prognosis. There were rigorous efforts to ensure a complete population base and exhaustive ascertainment of cases. Findings would be generalizable to areas with predominantly Caucasian populations in the United Kingdom, given the ethnic breakdown of the local population and the setting in a southern English HA
Acknowledgements
Dr Nick Drey helped design the study; undertook data collection, analysis, and initial interpretation; and wrote the first draft of the report. Dr Mary Rogerson helped design the study, undertook data validation, and helped revise the manuscript. Dr Paul Roderick conceived the study, helped design it and interpret the results, and revised the manuscript. Mr. Mark Mullee undertook survival analyses and advised on all statistical issues. The authors thank Dr Glenn Weavind, Dr Andrew Mortimore, Dr
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Epidemiology of chronic kidney disease: an update 2022
2022, Kidney International SupplementsImpact of educational level on incident chronic kidney disease during 13 years of follow-up: a prospective cohort study
2021, Public HealthCitation Excerpt :Among the previous longitudinal studies, to the best of our knowledge, there were 13 cohorts investigating the association between education and kidney failure. These cohorts included three different outcomes (i.e. CKD, end-stage renal disease and rapid decline in kidney function).6–9,18–26 In line with the present study, five cohorts explored the association between education and CKD (i.e. eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2).6–9,20
N.D. supported mainly by a research training fellowship from the National Health Service South West Regional Health Authority.