ReviewEffect of Bariatric Surgery on Cardiovascular Risk Profile
Section snippets
Methods
The present review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.4 We conducted a comprehensive review of all studies published in English containing data on CV outcomes, risk factors, and risk reduction in obese patients after any form of bariatric surgery. We performed an electronic search in 2 databases (PubMed and the Cochrane Library) for relevant interventional or observational studies published from January 1, 1950, to July 1,
Results
After the initial screening of titles and abstracts (n = 637), 68 were excluded, and 569 studies were reviewed to determine whether they met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 463 were excluded at this stage of the review because they were not original reports of adult bariatric populations, involved duplicate patient groups, or were substudies of larger series. On review of the remaining 106 publications in full, a further 121 studies were identified from bibliographies and related citations
Discussion
Bariatric surgery has been performed for the treatment of obesity since 1953, when Dr. Richard Varco of Minnesota performed the first jejunoileal bypass specifically to induce weight loss from malabsorption. Although fraught with nutritional complications, this procedure was noted to induce marked weight reduction, and it had a remarkable effect on circulating lipid levels in severely hyperlipidemic patients, with a 90% decrease in plasma cholesterol and an even greater (96%) reduction in
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Dr. Brethauer is a speaker, consultant, and scientific advisory board member for Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Blue Ash, Ohio; is a speaker for Covidien, Mansfield, Massachusetts; and receives research support from Davol, A Bard Company, Warwick, Rhode Island. Dr. Schauer's is a consultant and scientific advisory board member for and has received research support from Ethicon Endo-Surgery; is a member of the board of directors of RemedyMD, Sandy, Utah; is a member of the scientific advisory board of and has received an educational grant from Stryker Endoscopy, San Jose, California; is a member of the scientific advisory board and a consultant for Davol, A Bard Company; is a consultant for and has received an educational grant from W. L. Gore & Associates, Newark, Delaware; has received an educational grant from Baxter International, Deerfield, Illinois; is a member of the scientific advisory boards of BaroSense, Redwood City, California, SurgiQuest, Orange, Connecticut, and Cardinal/Snowden Pencer, Dublin, Ohio; has received an educational grant from Covidien; has received an educational grant from Allergan, Irvine, California; and is a member of the board of directors of Surgical Excellence LLC.
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Drs. Heneghan and Meron-Eldar contributed equally to this article.