Abstract
Objective: To examine whether a high dietary glycemic index is associated with hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in elderly men.
Design: Prospective study of incidence of major CHD (non-fatal myocardial infarction or death due to CHD) between 1985 and 1995 in 646 men, and a cross-sectional analysis of metabolic risk factors in 1990 in 394 men.
Setting: Population based study in the Dutch town Zutphen.
Subjects: Men aged 64–84 y in 1985 without a history of CHD or diabetes, whose diet was assessed with the cross-check dietary history method.
Results: The dietary glycemic index was positively correlated with consumption (g carbohydrate) of wheat bread (r=0.47) and sugar products (r=0.41) and inversely with fruit (r=−0.37) and milk (r=−0.40) consumption. During 4527 person-years of follow-up, 94 cases of CHD were documented. The risk ratio for CHD was 1.11 (95% CI, 0.66–1.87) for the highest as compared to the lowest tertile of glycemic index after correction for age, body mass index, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and dietary factors (P (trend)=0.70). Furthermore, the glycemic index was not appreciably associated with blood concentrations of total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols or (fasting or postload) insulin or glucose.
Conclusions: Our findings do not support the hypothesis that a high-glycemic-index diet unfavorably affects metabolic risk factors or increases risk for CHD in elderly men without a history of diabetes or CHD.
European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) 54, 726–731
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Guarantor: RM van Dam.
Contributors: RMvD and AWJV conducted the statistical analyses. AWJV wrote the initial and RMvD the final versions of the paper. EJMF and RMvD conceived the initial hypothesis. EJMF and DK led the data collection of the Zutphen Elderly Study. All authors were involved in the interpretation of the data and the writing of the paper.
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van Dam, R., Visscher, A., Feskens, E. et al. Dietary glycemic index in relation to metabolic risk factors and incidence of coronary heart disease: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Eur J Clin Nutr 54, 726–731 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601086
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601086
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