Objective: Doppler echocardiography is well recognized as the primary noninvasive imaging technique to assess global and regional cardiac function. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing has become a powerful tool to predict outcome in chronic heart failure (CHF). We looked for cardiac determinants, using resting echocardiographic parameters, of exercise tolerance in patients with CHF.
Methods: Transthoracic echocardiography and standardized cardiopulmonary exercise testing were performed in 75 patients (59 +/- 11 years) with CHF, New York Heart Association functional class II to III. Systolic and diastolic function, filling pressures, and left ventricular, right ventricular, and left atrial (LA) regional function were assessed using Doppler tissue velocities and strain values.
Results: Maximal workload (86 +/- 41 W) and peak oxygen (14.6 +/- 3.1 mL/min/kg) correlated with left ventricular filling pressure estimates (E/Ea and E/Vp) but also with end-diastolic pulsed Doppler tissue velocity at the mitral annulus (Aa), LA volume, and regional LA function assessed by strain analysis. In multivariate analysis, maximum workload and peak oxygen were shown to correlate with right ventricular peak strain, although Aa and E/Ea were the best predictors of exercise capacity.
Conclusion: Capacity to exercise in patients with CHF is understandable by resting echocardiography. Filling pressures, and LA and right ventricular functions, are its cardiac best determinants. Adding Aa peak velocity in resting echocardiographic evaluation of patients with CHF is found useful.